Answer: I cannot answer questions about benefits but consider that you will need the mother's permision to test the child and of course you will need the child. If you and your son's biologicial father are availabe you can do a grandparentage test with the child or you could use deceased samples from the father gather from either the medical examination if an autopsy was performed OR from an exhumation. If the father had OTHER children, then a sibling relationship study can be performed. I hope this helps.

Answer: Pigmentation, whether it be of eyes, skin, or hair, is due to not one gene but several in combination. You have to understand that any pigment is made in the body by a series of biochemical processes that occur one after another. Imagine that the series goes something like: Molecule A ----> Molecule B ----> Molecule C ---> Pigment where the Pigment is the stuff that makes eyes brown, hair dark, or skin dark. The way this works is that if my body has Molecule A but can't turn it into Molecule B, then, up to a point, my body will build up a bunch of Molecule A. If my body could make B, then I could make C from it, and from C I could make Pigment. The important point is that, without being able to make B from A, neither will I make C or Pigment, and my eyes will be blue. I have sex with a girl who also has blue eyes, but her eyes are blue, but her lack of the brown pigment isn't because she can't make B, but instead she can't turn B into C. She can make B just fine, but doesn't have the genetic makeup that allows her to go to the next step. Since C is necessary to make Pigment, her eyes are blue, too, just like mine but for a different reason. The abilities to turn A into B, or B into C, or C into Pigment is hereditary. If our encounter creates a child, that child can gain the mother's abiity to turn A into B, which I can't do, and gets my ability to turn B into C, which the mom can't do. This child of ours now can carry out each of the transformations in the sequence, and the result is brown eyes.

Answer: No. The gender marker is not used in calculating a likelihood of paternity.

Answer: This tells me first of all that you're giving the results of a motherless test, that is, one in which a sample from the mother was not tested. If it were, the X value would be either 0.5 or 0.25, most likely. The X value is the likelihood of the tested parent(s) producing the child. The Y value is the likelihood of finding that child in a randomly-chosen population. The ratio of the two (X/Y) is the paternity index. A value of 86+ indicates that the characteristic that the child and the tested man share is relatively rare, and on the basis of this one trait, evidence is relatively strong that the man and the child are related.

Answer: Whether a child inherits a gene from a parent or not is a matter of chance. If the mother is, to use your example, 29, 31.2, then the odds of inheriting the 29 or the 31.2 are 50/50 The same is true for inheriting a gene from the father. The odds of the child inheriting the 29 from the mother and the 27 from the father are 50% x 50%, or 25%, which is not a very small probability; 25% of the time, you will see this happen. On the basis of what you have presented, there is no reason to do any further testing. The results are not at all unusual.

Answer: The tests that were run back then included genetic factors that didn't have a very high ability to exclude a tested man. Without doing the calculations, I would guess that the probability wasn't high enough to reach the legally dictated level. Either that, or the judge/jury didn't understand the science of it and so didn't consider it. You ought to be able to get a transcript of the legal proceedings to find out what happened. You could do DNA based testing at this date, using samples from the alleged father's siblings or VERIFIED children. Alternatively, samples from the deceased individuals could be used if they're available. If there are hospital or autopsy samples from the alleged grandparents, those could be used. What, exactly, would be gained, however, in opening this investigation up more than 25 years after the original test? If it's to have a connection to the father's family for the sake of that connection alone, be sure you're not going to stir up any animosity. At least, since the child is no longer a minor, nobody should get defensive about anybody seeking back support. That can't be done.

Answer: unless you can actually speak to someone on the phone, you should NEVER buy a paternity kit from someone online. While you can freely download our kits and send a total of only 165 dollars to pay for the complete test, we always include a support number to help you during the collection process so that you know that we are for real. Not knowing anything about this lab, I would be hesitant to comment.

Answer: in a case like this the ONLY thing you can do is to retest--but make sure she is footing the bill. Sabotage is always possible but is unlikely. She is challenging your results and so she needs to come up with the cash--it is that simple. Also--NO home kits in this case--full service, court admissible, and collected by someone at a collection site.

Answer: I suggest you do a paternity test--it is extremely unlikel;y that the child's blood type would be a B. I have never heard of it but I am sure someone on the internet will agree with your wife but it seems to me, having done research yourself that you don't have a confirmation to her claim. Get a test. You can get a private downloadable home test by going to Fairfaxidlab.com for only 165 dollars. That will definitely settle the issue. When you get there, click on pricing and you want product number three.

Answer: You are asking us to speculate on this woman's promiscuity? We will not do that. If you had sex with her then consider that is could be likely that you are the father of the child--then consider having a paternity test after the child is born.

Answer: Well, insurance will not cover a paternity test--however, we have one that is only 165 dollars (add an extra 55 dollars for the second child ) that you can download either at our website, fairfaxidlab.com or at Divorcenet's sister site, paternitynet.com. I would strongly suggest that you do one of these. Regards.

Answer: sure, it is called a motherless calculation and nowadays the tests are very accurate.

Answer: It is certainly possible using POC or Products of Conception if enough fetal cells can be collected

Answer: in the case of there of a man being "NOT THE FATHER" the result is 100 percent conclusive. Neither of these men fall within the ocnception period. Either there is a third man or a sample was mishandled by the person who took the sample. I suspect it was the former and that there is a third man.

Answer: Put this to bed immediately. Do not offer help until she consents to a paternity test.

Answer: uncle to niece or nephew tests are very iffy in nature. If you call 1-800-234-2528, the lab can help you put together a possible testing scenario.

Answer: The braid is useless. You need to contact the medical examiner's office and see about getting the samples released for a test. If you need help in getting the test set up contact Lonna Hall at 800-234-2528.

Answer: These are EXCELLENT questions to ask any lab that wants to sell you a paternity test. You can tell by their answers if they actually know what they are talking about and, personally, I won't buy from ANYONE who doesn't know their own product. Here are the answers:Which is more accurate, the swab or blood test?--Neither--they are the same. Both are vehicles for retrieving samples for a test. In blood, the dna is extracted from the white cells while in swabs the dna is extracted from the buccals. HOW CAN one be more accurate then the other? The only notable exception to my comments on blood and buccal is with blood--there is a second kind of test called an HLA test which is commonly referred to as a blood test. It is an immunological marker test and is NOT as powerful or as accurate as a dna test. does it make a difference if one or both parents do the test?--no, NOT REALLY but if you supply the mother you are making the task at hand simpler. Today's technology makes is easier to perform a dna test without the mother but sometimes the lab will be forced into performing extra testing which can hinder,in some instances, the turnaround time. Having the mother available usually allows the lab to be able to bypass the need for additional testing.

Answer: No. both parents should test if there is a doubt as to the paternity of the child. Eyes have nothing to do with it.

Answer: sounds like the hospital is putting pressure on you to sign some papers. They CLAIM they have a deadline for getting these in--I have seen hospitals wait for results to come back. Have a lawyer contact the hospital on your behalf and make sure that NOTHING gets processed until you have your results back. By the way, talk to them BEFORE you acquire the lawyer--you might start with the medical records people and if that doesn't work--talk to administrators--doctors and nurses won't be able to help you with this. You may also want to contact child support enforcement to see if marriage is considered conclusive proof of paternity.

Answer: Oh, goodness no! Samples are collected from the mouth so no invasive action will occur that oculd endanger your child.

Answer: The child would have been conceived somewhere between October 15 to around October 30th. You did not indicate when you had sex with the other man so it is hard to tell if he falls into the ocnception period. the court may be hesitant to order a test on a child who has a legal father--what I would do would be to do a home test with your husband to see if he actually is or is not the father. You can download an inexpensive version at our website--165 dollars.

Answer: Actually the LMP would be more like December 7th which would make the conception date somewhere between December 7th and December 22nd.

Answer: I guess my question is can he even GET a paternity test on a child that he is supposed to be paying support on. Lastly, you have to discuss outcomes directly with child support. We cannot answewr that question. To start,he needs to contact child support to make sure they will accept a paternity test.

Answer: BECAUSE I DELETED THEM. AS WE HAVE STATED BEFORE, WE ARE NOT LAWYERS AND CANNOT COMMENT ON THE RIGHTS AND LAWS OF EACH STATE. HAVING SAID THIS, PLEASE BE AWARE THAT WE WILL NOT RESPOND TO THESE QUESTIONS AND THAT THEY WILL BE DELETED FROM THE BOARD.

Answer: Risks must be assessed by a medical physician. You can do a paternity test at the 10th week of preganancy.

Answer: The child would have been conceived between March 1st and March 15th based on the information that you have supplied.

Answer: I think you have asked this quesiton before--the answer is no--the lab would be able to spot such shannanigans.

Answer: The child would have been conceived somewhere between July 23 through August 8th. You cannot pinpoint date of conception down to one date. It is a range.

Answer: For a home test kit--NO. For a court ready test, it depends on how the judge rules in the case. Ask your local lawyer for details on the legal aspect of this question.

Answer: The price of the test does not denote the quality of the test--that is irrelevant. You also tell me that this is a home kit so the results will not hold up in a court of law. It does not matter if the two people are collected together. From what you tell me about the saliva, I doubt seriously if it would have affected the results--the lab would have noticed if the child's sample contained two dna samples. First, the lab did not get the birth dates wrong--if this is a home kit which is what you are indicating then the collectors are getting it wrong--NOT THE LAB. The lab is only testing what it receives. It assumes that the collectors are honest enough to submit the test correctly. I would believe these results.

Answer: Based on the LMP, it is more likely that the EDD is 11/11/04 which would make the time of conception between February 4th and February 16th so based on the informatin that has been supplied--yes it is possbile and he should look into getting a test as soon as the baby is born.

Answer: It doesn't sound like the lab has much genetic information to go on. I might suggest that you contact Lonna Durrance at 800-234-2528 and consult with her about a new test if it is at all possible. She will want to know everyone who is available for testing.

Answer: From the time of birth-less then one day old.

Answer: I don't know where you are getting the idea that any allele is a racial indicator. Both allele 7 and allele 9.3 at the TH01 locus are found in ALL racial populations. The frequency within a particular population may vary, but neither the locus nor any of its alleles are "racial indicators."

Answer: First off, the points about eye color are irrelevant. I'm not sure why they're even mentioned since they have little bearing on paternity establishment. As for the numerical sequencing, it depends on how the samples are processed within the lab. If by "we took the test together," the writer means that everybody's sample was taken at exactly the same time at the courthouse, then those samples should have been package together and sent to the lab together. It would be the case, again in some labs but not necessarily all, that the package would have been opened and all three samples (mom, child, and tested man) cataloged together, in which case they might be expected to have sequential numbers. However, if there was some contentiousness between this tested man and the mother, it would be normal for the mother and the child to have their samples taken at a time separate from the tested man. Some people just don't play well together under situations of disputed parentage, and a wise court will separate them when possible. In that case, the man may have had his sample packaged at a time different from the mother and the child. That package would have been opened at the lab at a different time and thus would have a number out of sequence from the other two. I would assume that this is likely to have happened here, especially in light of the writer's comment that "the test was compromised and it happened at the court." The only way I can think of that anybody would suspect something like this would be if the samples were not packaged up at the same time. Then, as I suggested, the numerical sequence of the samples is not remarkable at all.

Answer: There seems to be a growing conviction, coming from where I don't know, that a certain NUMBER of markers needs to be tested for a test to be valid. THIS IS MISLEADING. What is necessary is that the test combination exclude a certain percentage of men who, in validation studies, would be falsely accused of fathering a child. For example, if the power of exclusion of a combination of tests is 99.99%, this means that 99.99% of the men, who are not fathers but are accused by the mother of being their child's father, will in fact be excluded by the test combination. In theory, that could happen if only six or seven markers are tested, and no reputable lab will test fewer than this. However, there is NO need to test every available genetic marker in order to issue a valid paternity evaluation report. If you want that level of certainty, fine, but no lab should tell you that you MUST have a very large number of markers tested or else your test is no good. If they tell you that, they're trying to take your money for no valid reason.

Answer: Some of what you cite indicates a lack of professionalism, certainly, on the lab's part, and I, too, would wonder about their overall credibility in view of the questions raised. As for the length of time that the lab took to get the results to you, it sounds odd but then again, things can happen in spite of quality of the original sample. If you want peace of mind, a retest won't hurt.

Answer: The three markers you cite are not off. There are matches between the man and the child on all three: The D18 has the man and the child with a 19, the D13 has the man and the child with 14, and the D16 has the man and the child sharing 13. Therefore, I don't understand your question.

Answer: We off free downloadable test kits and reduced prices as a GENUINE AABB certified Laboratory. We are the ONLY laboratory that uses an AABB adapted chain of custody with our test kit. We conduct the same quality and standards that are used on our Full Service (court prepared test). Honestly, I would only use ours-we require a witness and full identification. That is why you can trust us--not because a television personality told you to use it or because a kit is free but cause we don't EVER sacrifice the quality of our product The reason our tests are cheap is NOT because we are trying to lure buyers but because we work very hard at eliminating overhead and there is NOT a single reason to pass the cost of a test off onto a client. You can take a look at our QuickHIT downloadable series by going to Fairfax Identity Laboratories Look at product offering number three.

Answer: We off free downloadable test kits and reduced prices as a GENUINE AABB certified Laboratory. We are the ONLY laboratory that uses an AABB adapted chain of custody with our test kit. We conduct the same quality and standards that are used on our Full Service (court prepared test). Honestly, I would only use ours-we require a witness and full identification. That is why you can trust us--not because a television personality told you to use it or because a kit is free but cause we don't EVER sacrifice the quality of our product The reason our tests are cheap is NOT because we are trying to lure buyers but because we work very hard at eliminating overhead and there is NOT a single reason to pass the cost of a test off onto a client. You can take a look at our QuickHIT downloadable series by going to Fairfax Identity Laboratories Look at product offering number three.

Answer: absolutely--as long as the lab knows that a common relationship exists between the two father.

Answer: It is likely that the child was conceived in OCTOBER and not in December based upon the dat of birth of the child.

Answer: Chances are that the samples from that time may have been eliminated to make space or other newer cases. You need to check with the lab that did the test to see if sample is available. If not then you will have to do a new test.

Answer: You are an adult--she cannot test your samples without your consent. Also, the samples are NO good because of the way that they were collected. I will tell you that she will need more then ONE hair.

Answer: It's kind of an odd way to dry a swab since they dry pretty quickly but I can see no reason why holding a swab in from of a fan would cause it to become contaminated. Besides, if you used a competent lab and there are AT LEAST a couple out there then the lab should be able to pick up on any odd readings.

Answer: The only time that you HAVE to submit to a paternity test is if you are ordered by a court. If you do not do the test voluntarily then the mother could ask the court to intervene.

Answer: lET ME JUST SAY THIS AS I HAVE SAID MANY TIMES BEFORE. IF YOU POST A QUESTION HERE THAT SHOULD BE ASKED OF AN ATTORNEY IT WILL BE DELETED. WE ARE NOT LAWYERS AND WE NEVER WILL BE.

Answer: I have identical triplet brothers Two have slept with the same girl and she got pregnant. They both had a DNA test, which obviously resulted in the same number results. ONE of them is the father, but we will never know which one through testing. The courts in Washington county, Minnesota are still pursuing a jury trial to make one responsible for paying child support. Is this legal, or do they have any grounds to do this? Why can't my brothers lawyers (who are working together in this case)ask for this case to be thrown out since it will never be determined who the actual father is?

Answer: I guess my quetion to you is why dont you just find a lab that will sell you the 16 markers (this is the new DNA hype to sell tests by the way) and have this retested? My reccolection is that ************ which was acquired by ***** was one of the best labs in the country at the time. The testing you have here does not reflect ther quality but instead reflects the requirement of the American Association of Bloodbanks (AABB). It would not hurt for you to retest is you feel at ALL uncomfortable with the test.

Answer: If you have the a sibling and you KNOW you share the same father, then do a sibling study to determine maternity. If you are siblings then you will whole--if she is NOT your mother then you will only be half sibs.

Answer: Your last menstrual should calculate with the due date. In this case if your last menstrual period was december 21st then your probable due date would calculate out to be Sepember 27th. NOW if your due date is actually September 27th, then the date RANGE of conception would have occurred somewhere between December 21st and January 5th so your doctor is correcto. EITHER man could be the father of the child.

Answer: The mother has to pass either an A or a B gene to any child she has, and the child will express that gene. That is, the child will be either A or B or AB, depending on what the type of the father is. Whether there is an incestuous relationship or not is irrelevant. "Not usually" means that a mutation would have to occur. Mutations are rare by definition, hence they are "not usually" seen.

Answer: We cannot assist you with legal inforamtion but I would start by consult with a family law attorney.

Answer: not without a parent, conservator, guardian or a court order.

Answer: He doesn't know me and I am not known for doing "favors". What you want to do in this case is make sure that you pick the lab and that you control the collections. It is possible for him to exert influence on the collection. I will not speak for other labs that I do not know but frankly for 405 dollars a test (legal version) i am not going to sacrifice my career.

Answer: Well, it would not be a matter of quality control assurances. When labs extract the dna they will know immediately the sex of the child. You cannot trick a lab on the molecular matter.

Answer: There is actually two ways--confront her and ask for a maternity test--if you have a brother or a sister that you KNOW she gave birth to test to see if you are siblings.

Answer: conception would have clearly happened in May.

Answer: You're misreading the report--5 out of 15 LOCI and that is a very BIG exclusion so according to the test you are not the father. I CANNOT over emphasize that ANYTIME you doubt a paternity test, get a second opinion--that means have a NON HOME test to verify the first.

Answer: Only the paternity test can tell you. Good luck.

Answer: not likely.

Answer: At your stage, you should wait until the baby is born--you only have to wait a couple of days--not weeks. By the way, if your LMP is 12/15/03 then the range of conception would be 12/15/03 to 12/30/03.

Answer: No,not possible.

Answer: It is his right to have access to those results--it only takes 5-7 days for a GOOD lab to process a test. Contact the lab and find out what the hold up is and how he can get a copy of the results. IF the lab does not cooperate, then get a supoena.

Answer: 95 percent leaves a 5 percent margin of error. The test is not finished. They either need to finish the test or you can grab one of inexpensive home kits that are listed in our moste recent threads. Our test ARE accurate.

Answer: Oh, good lord--you DO know those samples were shipped to Canada and tested by a foreign lab, right. So, the results are NOT endorsed by the AABB and the results, no matter what the lab tells you, are NOT statistically validated in this country not to mention that courts generally DO NOT recognize prenatal test to begin with. NOW assuming that you have invested a pile of money in this test, wait unti the baby is born and do one of our INEXPENSIVE home versions. ANYONE who has the fetal cell separation test owes it to themselves to take this test. YOu can get the free downloadable kit by going to Free Downloadable FIL Paternity Test Kit" Good Luck!!!

Answer: Here is the REAL deal--honestly, it depends on what the court decides when the case is heard. The court has all of those options to choose from so the reason you are confused is because EVERYONE is right.

Answer: You can go to our website, Fairfax Identity Lab FREE Test Kit and look at product 3.. Just download the kit and you and the child and an impartial witness can do the test--quietly. Take care. ----- Original Message -----

Answer: Ok.....I have NO idea why you are saying this in this forum but let me cryptically state: "Let's see how far she is willing to go..."

Answer: Again, ours are--won't vouch for quality of others.

Answer: Ours are-- because we are an actual laboratory--there are centers and testings and facilities online that are nothing more then fronts for other labs so you may not like one lab for a particular reason and so you go online--see a product that you like and unbeknowst to you--the lab you did not like gets the test. How dishonest is that? ONLY use a company if you can verify they are an actual lab. Our phone number is all over the site--we are not afraid to be reached. I will not endorse other products on the net and watch out for companies that want to send you FREE kits. Just go to our site and download one--why wait and you don't put any money down until you send in the sample.

Answer: recalculation will likely just raise the percentage--race just helps narrow down the numbers--by the way, Italians are European Caucasion, not hispanic. Recalc couldnt hurt but is not necessary. Regarding your last question, most states do not require 99.9 or even 99.0--I have seen some states that stil accept 97 so the 99 percentile is courtesy of the labs--NOT THE STATE. Most are willing to settle for much less.

Answer: August 28th through september 11th

Answer: courts do not accept prenatal test results so you would be wasting your time with the so called fetal cell separation test which I understand can cost over 1000 dollars. If you can be more specific with your LMP I might be able to help you so drop me a line if you figure it out--happy to help.

Answer: DHR can do whatever they want--they are officers of the court.

Answer: It will NOT come back as 100 percent. 99.9 or better will be the best you can get but not 100. Also,the test does not have to come back at 99.9 or better--it only has to meet the state's requirement. If you search this forum you will find an link to the federal ocse and they have the percentages listed there.

Answer: Scientist place their reporting in carefully worded statements--because they have to and because, as scientists, I just don't think they can help themselves. Seriously though, our client, pick up the phone and call us--I will usually ask them to read the final statement and then I can explain to them. "Included" means he IS the father, Excluded means he is NOT the father--also look out for the biggest confuser of them all "NOT Excluded". That means that he IS the father. If you do not understand, just contact the lab and if they have good customer service then they should help you right out--if not--drop me a line here at the experts board.

Answer: If the father does not have custody of you and his name is not on your birth certificate then you will need the mother to sign for you.

Answer: Yes, you can still get pregant.

Answer: If he signed papers of ANY KIND OR RUFUSED TO sign papers or participate with or repond to the court OR he was married to the mother when these children were born then, YES the court can pretty much do whatever it wants.

Answer: The court will NOT address this until the baby is acutally born and don't look for the hospital to get involved with collecting a test is you are so ready to involve a court. Hospitals have risk management teams that encourage the hospitals to shy away from such issues.

Answer: a test should only take 5-7 days to complete. the baby will have EITHER the type of the mother OR the type of the father. The father does NOT determine the type.

Answer: Famous last words. When the child is financially a burden she is going to want some help--IF she goes on public aid-she will not come after you but the state certainly will because they are a collection agency. You have to sign to have your name placed on the certificate so DO NOT SIGN anything especially papers the hospital will try to hand to you to sign. If the state comes after you for support they will also want back support.

Answer: Unless he gets a court order, it is up to you if you want a test--if he obtains a court order then you must comply.

Answer: I am afraid I cannot help you here but keep trying different attorneys until you get one that will help. Ge the dna test (both tests) looked at by an AABB certificed laboratory. Finally, if you CANNOT get help resolving this issue--go to the media, the talk shows and even your congressman as well as the bar association and talk loudly. Good luck.

Answer: Your question is not clear to me but ALL states are empowered and are required by the Federal Government to establish paternity.

Answer: There are four possbile combinations with that type and O is one of them. So your answer is yes. I can't give you odds.

Answer: First, don't look for the courts to give you an order for this test. Your best bet would be to get with a rep at at dna lab and go over your options--the rep will ask you a series of questions so that he can advise you of the best test possible in your situation. You may be leaving out information here so talking to someone directly is important. The answer is yes, you can but you should brace yourself for an expensive and longe term test. You best bet is see if he has any other childrend and try to get them tested. Aunt or uncle relatiionship studies are very "hit and miss".

Answer: Bottom line: you can always refuse a test but the court can MAKE you the father is you refuse to cooperate.

Answer: This is a paternity forum and we do not give legal advice. I don't know the particulars of the case but the more people who are excluded the possibility for faher becomes great each time a man is eliminated. he should just wait for the results and at some point get some solid legal advice.

Answer: Probably the one night stand--you really need to get a pternity test.

Answer: according to what you are telling me NEITHER of them fall into the conception period which would be May 14 to May 27th. Was there a third guy you were with earlier?

Answer: I find it curious that he is claiming he is not the father, claims his HALF brother could be the father but he has never openly appealed to the court to have the HALF brother tested. There is a 0.01 percent chance that your husband is NOT the father of the child. To get the court to overturn the evidence he would NEED some pretty substantial verifiable proof that would or could be accepted into a court of law as evidence and that means evidence that is secured NOT to have been tampered with. November 29th to December 15th would have been the conception period but because the conception calculations are only estimates don't expect to be able to use it as evidence. Good luck.

Answer: you have a 50 50 chance either way--hard to tell at this point.

Answer: Your few friends should check their facts--6 months is absolutely NOT true. You can test as soon as the child enters this world. BTW, the 6 month myth in dna testing comes from the old HLA blood test where typically you drew blood at months but that was even untrue because hand sticks, finger stick and heel sticks were available to collec the child even earlier.

Answer: As we have posted many times before--10 weeks. You can't get a court order for an invasive procedure. If the woman refuses you will just have to wait.

Answer: Some labs will tell you differently but you need BOTH grandparents on the father's side. Otherwise, the lab is just smiling with teeth gleaming holding out a hand to take your money. Always get second opinions.

Answer: the child would have been conceived between May 31st and June 15th. Hope this helps.

Answer: None that I know of and since we don't perform the test before the 10th week I could not answer the second part of your question.

Answer: I haven't seen a test in the eighties in quite some time--simplly put--more testing on that man needed to be done and Missouri should have and probably did tell her that. Go ahead and do the test but keep very close eye on his collection and make sure you are famiiar with the lab that does the test and I would not use the first one--they did not finish the job.

Answer: will depend on if there are hair folicles. You may want to see if there was an autopsy--if there was, the coroner's office may have plenty of samples in storage.

Answer: will depend on if there are hair folicles. You may want to see if there was an autopsy--if there was, the coroner's office may have plenty of samples in storage.

Answer: you left out crucial information--the types and Rh of BOTH your parents. Looking at your siblings means nothing. Consider this though: a positive and a positive wil yield a negative or a positive. A negative and a negative will yield ONLY a negative and a negative and a positive will yield either a positive OR a negative. Hope this helps.

Answer: it is likely that he will continue to pay child support so you should see an attorney as soon as the results are available so that you can weigh your options.

Answer: Not very often if the first test was conducted correctly and was not a home test you did on your own(they weren't commonly available 8 years ago so it probably was not a home kit) and you did not send in a ringer or bribe someone. You should be ok.

Answer: no

Answer: You need her dna sample to compare to hers. As an adult you need her permission.

Answer: He probably should have check with her before putting out the money. All he can do how is see a lawyer.

Answer: 10 weeks.

Answer: When Family court comes for him he will need to request a paternity test at that time.

Answer: You will have to pay out of pocket. The decision as to have the test is entirely up to you but if money the weighing factor then it is cheaper to wait until the baby is born.

Answer: Yes, but you need his consent to use his dna

Answer: No,the sample would have expired by now and you are at 28 weeks. He will have to be patient and wait until the baby is born.

Answer: Your best bet is to get a court order so you will need an attorney.

Answer: It does NOT effect the outcome of the paternity test.

Answer: I am NOT going to tell you how to do that.

Answer: Take your boyfriend and go have a test--you are not going to resolve this by sitting around speculating. Just take a test.

Answer: They would not send the results to Greensboro, NC. There are no Paterity labs there anymore. As for you validating the results--well you can find out WHO the lab actually is and contact them yorself if you have questions about their procedures.

Answer: the conception would have ocurred between December 13th and December 28th.

Answer: If you mean Navy Seaman or the Merchant Marines then the answer is yes. If you mean SEMEN then YES IF the semen contains sperm. It is the sperm which penetrates the egg--the semen is the carrier.

Answer: With the approval of your physician you can do one at 10 weeks up until the 20th. Please see the many other postings that we have seen on this subject.

Answer: Wait until the child is born and have a paternity test through Child Support Enformcement. Prenatal testing is not recognized by the court system and so is useless if the is found to be the father. The procedures in this country is invasive and you CANNOT get a test at 6 months--you are too far along. There is a procedure in another country but it is not validated, cost OVER 1000 dollars American and frankly is a waste of time.

Answer: He can get the results by contacting the lab that did the testing. He might need a court order in order for the lab to be able to cooperate. Until you see the results you cannot tell who the father is. 88 percent is too low--99 percent is more accpetable.

Answer: I think she may be wasting her time if there were two excluded fathers and one OTHER father not tested--she is in denial--she needs to test the third guy and remove all of the variables.

Answer: If the twins are identical--no. If the twins are fraternal, then a standard paternity test will answer the question.

Answer: The lab that did the test for you should be very willing to answer these questions. If they aren't, you're not dealing with a very professional outfit. The loci are, to put it simply, regions of the DNA that exist in people, and that have different physical sizes in different people. The regions differ with regard to the number of times a small section of the DNA at these loci is repeated. The numbers recorded for the mother, the child, and the alleged father indicate the number of repeats. At each locus, the tested people will have two alleles, or forms of the marker. One of the alleles gets passed on to, or is inherited from, each of a person's parents. The PI or paternity index is the likelihood that the tested man is the father of the tested child, compared to the likelihood of finding those same genetic markers in the population by chance that the man and the child share.

Answer: NO REPUTABLE LABORATORY WOULD ASSIST YOU IN WHAT YOU ARE ASKING. IT IS DISHONEST.

Answer: Testing is done to reach a level stipulated by the state legislature where you live. That level is usually relatively low, however, considering the level of testing that can be done. However, the lab typically has a policy of testing to a certain probability of paternity, after which a report is issued. If the stipulated probability of paternity is 99.9% and that level of certainty is reached with after 9 markers, further testing is not automatically done. (I don't understand what you mean by "only 5 markers coming from the father alone." If only five tests were done, that is a little light for my liking. If you mean that there were other markers tested but for them there wasn't complete clarity as to which marker came from the mother and which came from the father, that's OK. It's taken into consideration when the calculations are done.) The lab also tests to something called a "power of exclusion" which is typically in the neighborhood of 99.9% too. That means that 99.9% of other men, unrelated to the tested guy, would be excluded solely by the tests that were performed. If you say that the timing of the birth was wrong compared with the time of the sexual encounter, you could challenge the test results on that basis, but be prepared to back up your claim about the timing with airtight documentation. Your word alone as to when the sexual encounter happened won't be good enough.

Answer: By the overall evidence of the remaining genetic matches. DNA has a documented rate of change, and the form of that change is also characterized and documented. (If DNA didn't change, all living things would still be just little blobs swimming in the ocean and nothing more.) The lab also should have done additional testing to look for more mismatches between the child and the alleged father; a single mismatch is not enough to declare that he's not the father, precisely because of the possibility of mutations happening. To cover all the bases, the lab also checked to see whether a close relative of the alleged father might also have been involved, because that can lead to many matches with a few mismatches. When close relatives are involved, the number of mismatches is usually more than one, however. With no mismatches and only a single mismatch, the reasonable assumption of a mutation was made and the likelihood of that mutation was factored into the calculation of the overall paternity index. Look for a paternity index (or X/Y ratio) somewhere in the neighborhood of 0.001, which will be far lower than any of the others on the report.

Answer: Anytime that you doubt the validity of a test you should retake the test--only this time use an American lab so that you can be in constant touch with the testing facility and no customes issue will crop up.

Answer: I cannot help you--the results will be sent from the lab to the court first and then the court will release the results. You just have to keep calling and checking in. No magic formula here unfortunately--you just need immense patience.

Answer: I am sorry but I don't know your results. You will have to get them from the child support office--it may take quite a bit of time so be patient.

Answer: 10 weeks.

Answer: Do the testing AFTER the child is born if you can--testing after the child is born is non invasive and painless. If the court mandates a test, contact us and we will help you arrange for testing.

Answer: She tells you she is on the pill and that she would have an abortion if she got pregnant? Paternity testing cannot determine the race of a child. If you do not submit to a test it is possible that she could take you to court and you could be compelled to take the test.

Answer: ANYTIME that a paternity is cast in doubt is a wise time to have a test.

Answer: No,not really. There might be a variance of a couple of points in the PI but he would still calculate out to be the father.

Answer: Don't take the test UNTIL you talk to an attorney first--and DON'T SIGN ANYTHING--the reason being is that paternity may already be established since the other guy signed the birth certificate--take the test ONLY under the advice of an attorney. He can also advise you on your other legal questions. Point is--depending on your state--and the attorney will know--the birth certificate may make all the difference in the world.

Answer: It is cutting it close--she conceived between the 5th and the 25th of January. I would insist upon a test to place yourself in the clear. DON'T sign anything until you have that test.

Answer: It can be either the mother or the father.

Answer: you need to do a paternity test with her--do not negotiate on this point. If he did a test without her knowlege, chances are that he used a home test kit and if he did, how does she know he is telling her the truth? Forced her to let him give away his rights--was an attorney even involved? The whole thing rings suspicious to me. Do a test--make sure that it is court admissible and make sure she is tested with you. This is not too much to ask of her in exchange for accepting a lifetime of responsibility.

Answer: Well, they are right--they won't pay for a test where paternity is already established and that is what the man did when he signed the birth certificate which is why you should NEVER sign anything until the test is done. you can get a simple and inexpensive test by going here: Get Free DNA Test Kit Here you will see a list of products. Choose product number three and download the paperwork.

Answer: Well, first--don't sign anything and if you can afford it act under the advice of an attorney. The mother's word is not enough and you're talking about 18-21 years of the life of your child. You can do a simple home test kit that is downloadable from our website. The address is Get Free Test Kit Here You will see a list of products--go to product number three--download the paperwork and you can then begin the test. There is a support number in the paperwork if you need assistance. Good luck.

Answer: Oh, good lord yes! You only need the consent of ONE parent--go have the test and consider using Fairfax Identity Laboratories.

Answer: Your January ex needs to NEVER consider a career in genetics. The DNA never changes. I don't know where he got that idea but he is absolutely wrong.

Answer: I am not sure if you are really asking questions or if you are just venting. Ok. You were dating a guy and a girl got pregnant. So you are the girlfriend and your boyfriend allegedly impregnated a girl--not you. There was a test done. NOW. I cannot tell you why one sample arrived at the lab sooner then the other sample. It could be anything from it being mailed on a friday or maybe one was shippied by us mail as opposed to one being shipped by Fed Ex. There is simply no way to tell. You said that she "faked" being in labor--does that mean she produced a fake baby? I do not think that is what you meant. These questions are not ones that I can answer for you because they make absolutely no sense. Without information you cannot expect me to tell you when she became pregnant based on when she started "showing".

Answer: That is a very good question--we have a grandparents rights board over here at divorcenet.com and I would suggest that you consider posting this question there. Unfortunately, this board only deals with paternity issues.

Answer: You can test the baby before the birth at the 10th week and typically up to roughly the 20th under the supervision of a qualifed physician. You can test the baby THE DAY it is born if you are willing to put up with dealing with hospital administrations and their typically self-protective policies (risk management isssues) but generally when the child comes home from the hospital is the best time to start considering the prospect of a test.

Answer: 1. Tape will not stick to the wet inside of a mouth. 2. Cells applied to anything that is then kept inside the mouth will be washed off rather quickly by the mouth's saliva. 3. Typically, both cheeks are swabbed. 4. Living cheek cells are not needed for a swab test.

Answer: conception would have happened between July 30 and August 15th.

Answer: absolutely.

Answer: You are a minor, I noticed. For me, the first thing that popped in my head was the statutory rape issue. There is a 50 percent chance that it is yours and you DO need to get this out of the way now. Bottom line: 1-it is not fair to the child--2-there are potential grandparents who certainly have the right to know and who can provide an invaluable line of support for the child and 3) there is the possibility that the mother will come after you and your family for child support--she may say she will not but sooner or later when she feels the burden of bringing up a child she is going to get that extra support one way or another and if you wait then you are talking about a potential accumulation of back support. DON'T sign anything like papers at the hospital. HAVE THE TEST. You both owe it to the child if not to each other. By the way, she should have the test privately because your parents could always obtain a court order and compell her to submit to the test and with your age an issue--well that could spell a problem for the mother. HAVE THE TEST.

Answer: A paternity test is a simple thing really. A paternity test in a jail is a logistical headache but it can be done. The issue is not whether the sample can be collected but whether the prison will ALLOW it to be collected. There are three ways to collect asample. 1)a phlebotomist goes into the prison and collects the samples, 2)the prison collects the samples and 3)the prsion transports the prisoner outside of the prison and is taken, usually in chains, to a collection station where the sample is taken. The problem is the prison--prison officals are concerned with security and also with the violation of the civil rights of the prisoners. You usaully have to have a court order or a signed stipulation by the prisoner. My advice to you is to contact your brother in law and see if he has a prison counselor that he deals with. If he does, then all you have to do is contact the counselor and ask him to help. He can guide you through the steps needed to get this acomplished. IF at anytime the man decides NOT to do the test--the prison will no longer cooperate--even if there is a court order.

Answer: The type produced by a woman with an O and a Man with a B will be either a B or an O. Hope this helps.

Answer: I do not know if you want to get on the tribal roll or not but there are tests out there that purport to be able to tell if you are an indian or not--the problem with this is that what you get back is a fairly broad statement and nothing that could get you inducted into the tribe. Generally, tribes are relying on standard types of paternity testing such as paternity, maternity, grand parentage, and sibling relationship studies. Using advanced technologies such as Y STR and Mitchondrial DNA sequencing a relationship can be traced back through many generations. If your daugher's father is a confirmed Cherokee then a simple paternity test will suffice. If the father is not availabe then a grandparentage study could be performed and if the father has OTHER confirmed children then a sibling relationship study would be advised.

Answer: absolutely! Paternity can be performed at the 10th week of pregnancy through CVS collection and then later through an amniotic fluid collection. Both are invasive techniques and must be supervised by a physician.

Answer: Transit times of the sample from the time of draw to the lab can vary, although 6 days sounds excessive. I am concerned about the "friend who got a copy of the test off the computer." I'm not sure I understand what you're saying here, but if you mean that somebody got access to the test results by accessing them on line, something is not right.

Answer: The main concern isn't the cousin but the biological son. With 13 loci tested, the chances are small, but not insignificant, that the son could be the true biological father. If involvement of the son was raised at the trial, it is inconceivable to me that the judge would not have ordered the son to be tested too. Check with an attorney for specifics, but this sounds on its face to be something worthy of followup.

Answer: The DNA test itself cannot harm the baby. The viability of the procedure for collection is one that must be predetermined as safe by the medical physician attending to the care of the mother. Each pregnancy is different.

Answer: You certainly can. Use one of our QuckHIT test solutions that you can download at Fairfax Identity Laboratories The test is inexpensive and convenient. Best of all there is a support number inside the kit so that if you get stuck you can just pick up the phone and someone will answer your questions. Make sure that you include the fact that you and the other party being tested are cousins.

Answer: Absolutely--the procedure is not 100 percent fool proof. I cannot tell you exactly which day that you conceived.

Answer: It is highly unlikely you are the father--you will have to do a test and use fresh samples.

Answer: You're having problems because BOTH fathers fall into the conception range. I would test whichever one is best available.

Answer: I would get your money back--an 80 percent leaves a 20 percent margin of error. Extended testing should have bee performed. Look on this thread and find one of the links to our website and have the QuckHIT home test which is only 210 dollars. IT is an extremely powerful test.

Answer: The mother and the father a adults--the grandparents have NO say in this--especially sense there are two set of grandparents, you know. Your son needs to obtain a court order for paternity testing. The maternal grandparents do not have the authority to deny him access to his child--only a court can do that.

Answer: From what you are describing, it sounds like the error,if there was one, would have occured at the collection level not at the lab.

Answer: Wait until the baby is born and retest. Fetal Cell separation is not validated in this country and cannot be used in court and is a complete waste of your time and money---as evidenced by your complaint. Who knows what the file number means--it is nonsense to me.

Answer: No, the mother's race is not figured into the calculation--only the father's race is considered.

Answer: I would file a complaint with the child support office enforcement office and name his as the father. He will then be given the opportunity to ask for a test--if he still refuses then they will court order him to comply and if he still refuses then he will be declared the father by default. I know this sounds harsh but if he is convinced that he is not the father then he should provide--it is that simple. Regarding the payment of the test cost--that will be entirely up to the child support office as how payment will be decided. Each agency has its own different policies.

Answer: This question drives me nuts because the whole swab vs blood thing came about as simply bad information spread by labs who, at the time, were unable to make the swab technology work for them. Nowadays, EVERYBODY does swabs. IT IS NO DIFFERENT THEN BLOOD so testing with blood is a complete waste of time. HOWEVER, I would retest if an AABB lab was not used (like Fairfax for example)--AABB labs are required to run exclusions at LEAST twice before releasing the results. Hope this helps.

Answer: Still a 50/50 chance until he has the test. I might want to comment that maybe you and him should consider seeing a doctor and checking to see if you can conceive or if he has a low or null sperm count. After you folks talk to the doctor--I would then insist on a paternity test to get this resolved.

Answer: This is a very interesting topic. First, based on the information that you have provided, I cannot make an estimate of the conception date without the due date of the child. I am curious as to why she has not called you back. Your husband, at this time, really does not have any rights until the child is born and THEN the first order of business is to have the paternity test which we would be happy to provide. DO NOT sign anything until you have that test--this is one right that he does have and MUST excercise. Regarding Diabetes, I hope that you have a diabetic team consisting of your Doctor, a nurse (the doctor's), a podiatrist for your feet, a heart specialist, and a dietitican/diabetic educator. Stress does raise sugar levels severely in diabetics so you have to step up your excercise program(UNDER YOUR DOCTOR'S ADVISEMENT) and review your current diet with your educator. If you are not walking regulary you may want to start doing that again (again check with your doctor first). By the way, I am NOT a medical doctor but am VERY close to this subject as this disease does run in my family so I deal with it every day. Talk to your doctor about stress management courses and maybe talking to a counselor. You're having to deal with the issue of your husband's adultery and with your health burden. Please talk to your doctor and feel free to show him my note to you. Good luck.

Answer: Absolutely!

Answer: 1. How many loci--I am not being flippant here but really you only need enough loci to EITHER get you two exclusions or a 99.9 percent or better if he is the father. Labs who boast about how many loci they use are using a common sales tool: overkill is better--the idea is capitalize on your fear that not enough testing was performed. Fairfax Identity Laboratories prefers NOT to feed off of a client's fears. 2. I cannot speak for other labs but the most accepted certification is that of the AABB (American Association of Bloodbanks). Why have this certification--well think about walking into a restruant with your family and you sit down to a nice meal--you look up and there is that big "C" rating in front of you--no you KNOW that the rating should be A so you also Know that you are NOT going to eat there. Well that is what the AABB is--a big restruant sticker--having the AABB certification says that the lab CARES enought to maintain the highest quality controls available and that they make their laboratories open to onsite inspections by the AABB. I have seen labs on the internet who do not carry that certification and they will claim that it is not needed--they are wrong--aak the State Department, Immigration and Naturalization and the US court system and they will all disagree. It is important. Here are our certifications. We are certified by the AABB, By CLIA (lab certification-federal), the City and State of New York, and are certified as a CODIS laboratory criminal DNA Databasing. With these certifications, you can be assured that Fairfax Identity Laboratories is accepted on all levels from Local to state to federal in ALL of the United States and abroad.

Answer: It could be either--they BOTH fall into the conception period. Unfortunately, I cannot pinpoint precisely the days that you had sex and that the baby would have been conceived. You can get an inexpensive paternity test after the baby is born--check out the link two quesitons up.

Answer: unfortunately, I do not know of anyone who will give away a free test--you should look at the previous question where we have a link provided to access the paternity solutions at our website. A few are inexpensive and thus affordable.

Answer: He needs to pay for the paternity test. Do NOT look for TennCare to cover it. It is not a medically necessary test. You should consider one of our QuickHIT home paternity solutions that you can download at Go to Paternity Solutions The cost is affordable at only 210 dollars.

Answer: I am assuming that you were still having sex at that time with your husband when I post his answer. Because the time that you were with the man falls into the period when conception could have happened, the chances of THAT man being the father is 50 percent. You do prenatal testing under the supervision of your physician between the 10 and the 20th week of pregnancy. CVS is performed between the 10th and the 13th week and amnio fluid collection is performed fromt he 14th to the 20th week.

Answer: I doubt you will be able to collect the money--you will need an attorney to process the case. Fraud is hard to determine so again ask your attorney.

Answer: Your problem is the proof. He claimed that you were his children but he did not sign the birth certificate--the first thing that I would do is to contact the bureau of vital statistics in Richmond who are the keepers of the birth record and see if there is anything that you can do. I suspect that they are going to need more tangible proof then what you currently have and so a dna test may be your only way of proving your point. If a deceased sample is inovolved then you definitely want to consider using our services. Once you have proven your paternity then your will have to go to court to have the doucment altered.

Answer: It is actually possible but you are going to have to be insistent that they submit to a test. It is only fair, after all. Let me say this--it is unlikely that the others will also be found to be the father but it has happened albeit on a rare occasion. Try to get them to cooperate and if not then you will need to engage an attorney and tell him your story. If he cannot help you get a second opinion.

Answer: I think that cord blood collect is an invasion to what is supposed to be an intimate moment. It is expensive--you have to involve doctors and hospital administration not to mention their risk management team. Can the father request it without your consent--NO. He wouldn't be able to get a court order at this time either. If you want to know about the paternity of the child--wait until you get home, download one of our QuickHIT home test and only pay 210 dollars when you send in the samples--you will get your results back in 5-7 business days. It is private and is every bit as accurate as our 480 dollar court admissible version.

Answer: Not having the mother tested may lead to a false INCLUSION on VERY rare occasions, but a man's biological child will share markers with him whether the mother is tested or not. Exclusionary results will not change to inclusions if the mother is tested. Also, the race of the tested man is irrelevant when the test excludes him. The race of the child is never used in any event.

Answer: You should probably check with the Texas Attorney General's office regarding this issue. An attorney cannot terminate a man's parental rights--only a court of law can do that and that means a judge. Termination can happen in the case of an adoption or if the court deems a parent to be unfit. Generally, proof of paternity is required before such a step is taken.

Answer: For the legal aspects of your question go to google and do a search for OCSE State Profiles. When you get there, you will see a map, click on it and then click on paternityh. You should find this most helpful. Child Support is usually court ordered through a child suport collection agency. A Judge can order a paternity test and YES a judge can deny the request for the test. If his name is on the birth certificate most labs will do the test for him. I hope this helps.

Answer: Eye color is due to multiple genes. In the simplest case, brown is dominant over blue, but the exact color can depend on the mixture of several characteristics. Intelligent people who are aware of these facts would never use eye color alone as any kind of indicator of parentage

Answer: ABO mutation isn't widely published on. You could start with a good current textbook on human genetics, with special attention to the chapters on blood groupings. You could also search the web on "ABO blood types."

Answer: First, what a hurtful thing for someone to tell you daugher. Since she is an adult, it escapes me as to what purpose this would serve except to drive a wedge between you and her. The blood typing is a waste of time. The woman could go to any place with a blood type on the web and choose the one that she knows matches. A sibling study between her and one of the daughters is more appropriate. If you want, I would be more then happy to speak to your daughter. Have her contact me through this forum and I will arrange to speak with her.

Answer: The test is not valid in the United States. It is a waste of money if you plan on using this for court. Secondly, if you have more then one child then the test may not be accurate. In fairness to the ocmpany they do try to point this out to their clients but many people take this test because it is non-invasive. As far as I know the company does not try to mislead its clients. The company sells the product through an affiliate in the United States but the testing is performed in Canada. Fetal cell testing is the Holy Grail of paternity testing--the quest is still on --we are not quite there yet.

Answer: This is only an observation mind you but it sounds like he does NOT want to be the father and he is trying to scare you. Let him demand all he wants. Also do NOT let him pressure you into taking a prenatal paternity test. Let him take one after the baby is born. Right now you are letting him control you. If you need help after the child is born consider filing for child support with your local child support agency and let them deal with him and then consult an attorney on what he can and cannot do.

Answer: You never told me the outcome of the test but by your question I am assuming that he tested positive. It is unlikely the brother needs to be tested but many people cling to the notion that the presence of a brother will automatically overturn a result. It oculd happen but it is very unlikely. I would say do the test but only for your own peace of mind. Don't look for the answer you seek though--it is MOST LIKELY that the testing of the brother will serve to confirm your husband's test.

Answer: You are not being specific. Blood can be either DNA or HLA--swabs are dna only. DNA is more CONCLUSIVE then HLA. Both,however,can yield results in the 99 percentile.

Answer: Generally, a paternity test only takes 5-7 days to process.

Answer: PIs are much lower than that. For those particular systems in your case, you should see matches between the child and him. That wouldn't be true if there were mutations. The reason the numbers are less than one is because the characteristics that he and the child share are pretty common in the population as a whole.

Answer: Actually, a January 10th date would put the conception somewhere within the first two weeks of April.

Answer: Yes, she can--testing can be done as early as the 10th week.

Answer: I suppose you could--we would not do it but there are plenty of people out there who are more then willing to put money over ethics. An AABB laboratory should never do this...period.

Answer: Your problem is that pesky word "supposedly"--You see on my first calculation one could be the father and on the second one which was your three week early supposition the second many seems to be the likely candidate. You are still running at a 50 percent chance for either--you are very wise to seek dna testing. Because you are all adults you do not need to involve lawyers or the court system. If you all are voluntary consider using one of our QuickHIT home paternity tests which is a free download at our website and you pay when you send in the sample--the cost for one you and one father would be 210 dollars while the second father would bring the total to 280--dit is a very powerful but inexpensive test. You can get the test kit by going to divorcenet's own Paternitynet.com. Inside the test kit is my number which you cna use if you need help while doing the collection. Hope this helps.

Answer: A child's characteristics are determined by the genes of the biological father together with those of the mother. The genetic makeup of a child is set when the sperm fertilizes the egg. Sleeping with a second man after the woman has already gotten pregnant by another man won't in any way lead to the child acquiring the second man's characteristics. Now, if your BROTHER sleeps with a woman, she gets pregnant by him, and then you sleep with her, then the child might look a bit like you because you and your brother (presumably) resemble each other. But if the two men aren't related? No.

Answer: I cannot discuss the drawback of the birth certificates because I am not an attorney. Regarding the military, WHO in the military told him this. Does he have name? IS there a medical record? Unless he can prove otherwise he will be responsible for child support if you name him as the father. IT is likely that a paternity test may be warranted.

Answer: Generally, a man can have a test with a lab without the mother if his name is on the child's birth certificate or he has signed some sort of indemnity agreement with the laboratory.

Answer: He has to match on ALL the systems to be the father. He can match on a few but if there are two or more that he does NOT match on then he is NOT the father. I don't think cigarettes will adversely effect the outcome of the test nor the bottle...If the samples were effected the lab most likely would have asked for a recollection. If the lab is aabb certified then they would rerun the father's sample before releasing the report just to verify the exclusions. HOWEVER, I always say that if you do not like the outcome of a test it is always a good idea to do a second confirmatory test.

Answer: I would not even pretend to be able to second guess a judge. It will depend on how you present your case and how your state laws approach this subject.

Answer: The blod type can be A, B, AB, or O The Rh type can be either Rh- or Rh+ So a B+ is certainly possible. I will suggest to you that you and your husband obtain one of our QuickHit Paternity test--it is inexpensive and quick and you can download the paper for the test at the following link: QuickHit Paternity Testing Kit I hope this helps.

Answer: A lot of companies sell you on the hype that the more loci that you purchase the better the test. To you I say "Caveat Emptor". The AABB requires testing that is 99 percent or better and if he is NOT the father then he must be excluded on at least two systems. Furthermore, in the event that the man is excluded then the lab must run the father's sample at least ONE more time BEFORE releasing the results. It is not how many loci you test it is whether the lab takes the time to excercise a stringent quality control.

Answer: He cannot order you but it is possible that he could obtain an order for paternity testing and you would have to comply with the wishes of the court.

Answer: You have to give an A or a B, and any child of yours would have to express one of these markers, unless some sort of mutation occurred. A DNA best would be a better indicator of paternity.

Answer: First, we do not advise on law issue--you need an arizona attorney. You do a paternity test to determine if you are the father of a child--I am assuming that the child is already born since you do not indicate that in your question but just in case the child has not been born you can do the test through either CVS or Amniotic fluid collection. Your will need the mother's physician to collect the sample or someone that he refers.

Answer: If you do a search on Google you can find what are called child support calculators. They calculate the amount of support that you will have to pay in a particular state. I did a search and came up with several. Good luck.

Answer: A, B, AB or O are the possible types that can be produced. The Rh can be positive or negative so the answer to your question is yes.

Answer: This woman sounds like she is in complete control of the situation. I would get an attorney. Take the paternity test AFTER the child is born. The court won't recognize and invasive procedure anyway. Get the attorney right now because of the financial responsibility issue because I think her husband may be responsible. It is possible that her marriage is on the line and if she gets the results before the baby is born then it is conceivable that the two could divorce and then the child would be born outside the marriage which could end up making you financially liable. Talk to your attorney but I would definitely wait to get the test. By the way, if she lied about the abortion how do you know she is not lying about the birth certificate? For that reason alone you need to have sensible counseling from a family law attorney. One other thing, if this child is your husband's then find out from the attorney what your rights are.

Answer: on't ask me to guess which is the father because I will not--it is an excercise that is cavalier at best. The child would have been conceived somewhere between July 8th and July 23rd. SORRY FOR THE OCNFUSION.

Answer: Don't ask me to guess which is the father because I will not--it is an excercise that is cavalier at best. The child would have been conceived somewhere between November 7th and November 21st.

Answer: Actually the simplest and least expensive way to test your loved ones in Iraq is for them to go to the internet and download one of our free dna test kits call QuickHit. They collect the samples and just mail it in. You can get the test kit to look at yourself at QuickHit Patenity Solutions You can call 800-482-3025 if you have any questions. The toothbrush would be very expensive to do--the total cost of the quckhit test will be around 490 since you wish to have a prenatal test.

Answer: If he never knew he had children then why did he take a paternity test and have you seen the results of this test? IF he was NOT EXCLUDED then that means that he IS the father. This is one of the most common mistake made when reading a report summary. Also, if he ignored them then they can declare him father by default without so MY advice to you is to get him to an attorney quick and sort this out. The birth certificate does not dictate who pays child support--only a court does that. Regarding the letters he did not receive--it is his word against theirs.

Answer: The boyfriend needs to be tested and then will need to waive his paternity so that that he can waive his rights and the husband can adopt--otherwise, the ex boyfriend can continue to insert himself into your life at anytime. You will need to do this through an attorney.

Answer: The mother seems to have gotten her cake and gets to eat it too--at the child's emotional expense. If you haven't done this already, I would seek a opinions from more then one attorney--this sounds extremely screwy. I cannot advise you on legal issues. Good luck though.

Answer: Probably the faher incorrectly marked the form when he was asked for his race. Don't need to re-do the test--just have the lab recalculate the test using the correct setup for the race. Italian IS considered Caucasian (right)--you don't indicate what you mean by indian but if you are referring to native american then they can recalculate a seoond report to reflect that ethnic background--should be no problem.

Answer: I think you're asking about the Rh blood group. Since Rh+ is dominant over Rh-, two people who test as Rh- may in fact carry the Rh- gene and product an Rh- child (the child would inherit the Rh- gene from each parent). The "vaccine" you refer to is only given when the mother is Rh- and is or may be carrying an Rh+ child. Rh- is exactly what the term implies: ABSENCE of the Rh factor, and it's the factor's PRESENCE that causes potential problems with the subsequent children. If the child is Rh+ and the mother is Rh-, her body makes antibodies to the Rh+ material. Those antibodies persist in mom's immune system and will attack the blood cells of any subsequent Rh+ child that she may conceive. In your case, there will be no problem of this sort, no matter what the Rh type of your children.

Answer: If he is refusing to sign the birth certificate then how does he expect to have custody of the child--by not signing he is, in a nutshell, leaving the paternity issue in doubt and the courts are smart enough to see this. You could have named the child after Bill Clinton but that would not give Mr. Clinton any custodial rights nor even come close to implying that he is the father. If he gets a court order for paternity testing then you will have to comply to wishes of the court or face contempt. In order for the court to take your child away they would have to have proofe that you are an extremely unfit mother.

Answer: First things first. You are seventeen, you are a minor--so is your boyfriend so BOTH of you have to abide by what your parents decide. It is up to the parents to decide between themselves who will pay for the test. Yes, you can do a test while you are pregnant--I suggest that you search this board--this subject has been covered in great detail.

Answer: I will say yes it is since you have failed to provide the mother and the father's type.

Answer: It would not be illegal but it also would not be terribly bright nowadays since there ARE NO paternity labs currently in operation in Greensboro, NC. If you had a test over seven years ago, then you would have used the now defunct GDI which was reputed to be one of the best labs in the country despite the fact that it was not in California. I can assure you that California did not and DOES NOT have any lab that could come even close to recreating the quality and professionalism of that lab. It was the lab that others modeled themselves upon. How do you tell if a report is fake--you need to track down the lab and show them the report. Other ways would be to look at the report itself--most people who fake reports work from the original report which is what they want to hide. Almost always, they will leave remnants of the original report intact and that is a dead give away. I will not go into detail here because I do not want this to become a forum on creating dummy reports.

Answer: This is not a question that you should ask a laboratory because we would not tell you how to interfere in the outcome of a test. No ethical laboratory would.

Answer: First, let me address statuary rape--you and he consented to have sex but you BOTH are minors--consent belongs to your guardian which I assume is your parents. We do not offer legal advise on this board. Regarding a paternity test, check all through this board but you can do a test while pregnant--usually at 10 weeks-- but, again, you will need YOUR parents consent and the consent of a doctor to perform the procedure. If you feel that abortion may be an issue--again, you need the consent of your parents or guardian. Hope this helps.

Answer: Military lawyers will not go out of there way to help your son except to advise him to "get it taken care of as soon as possible".If your son is still in the military he should inquire with the Judge Advocate's office about filing for a continuance under the Soldiers and Sailors Civil Relief. A judge will have to approve it but basically it should give him 90 days to get things in order. If that happends, then he will need to obtain a civillian order. As far as the support papers go, he should check those papers to see if he has the right to request a paternity test--be careful about signing until you have read everything completely--again consult a civillian attorney at the quickest possible moment.

Answer: No, you will find that it is extremely difficult to get an order for a prenatal test because it is an invasive procedure. Lastly, don't expect the state of Georgia to help you with this financially.

Answer: You should probably ask her about what the 7 weeks mean. I am not clear on what she is saying. If you are 9 months pregnant then you are 36 weeks along in your pregnancy. Conception based on the due date you gave would be somewhere between February 4th and February 17th.

Answer: You will have to wait until the child has been born.

Answer: Yes, but it is unlikely it would happen at the lab level--if something happened it would have most likely happened at the collecion point.

Answer: Actually it is possbile but expensive--look to spend around a thousand dollars or better. You can contact us here at Fairfax if you want to proceed but let me caution you that there is the possibility that dna will not be able to be extracted from those objects so think long and hard before submitting those samples.

Answer: The conception should have been between March 31st and April 15th. Hope this helps.

Answer: Pardon my bluntness but her boyfriend probably does not possess the brightest light bulb in the factory but it is not illegal. He can sign if he wants. The government loves people who step up to the plate and are willing to sign their lives away. This is no longer the age of "do the right thing and make her a proper woman (as in the Rifleman or Bonanza--it is more an age of cause and effect. I applaud his noble gesture but I think you need to point out to him that there are consquences such as child support issues and that it would be BETTER to have a paternity test BEFORE signing the paperwork. If the new boyfriend and the mother do not work out then things will get very complicated.

Answer: if she said that her husband is the father and INS accepted it without a test which is a rarity these days(INS is now requiring more and more dna testing) then she may have committed a fraudulent act especially if she KNEW you were the father. I cannot advise, as I have said many times on this board, you on legal matters. I suggest you seek the help of a family law attorney who also specializes in immigrations issues and see where you stand.

Answer: I have no idea. Your information is sketchy at best. If he had a court admissible test (his name would have had to have been on the birth certificate and you would have had to have given your permission) and a chain of custody would have been performed then MAYBE. If a home test was performed then NO. Regarding the first part of my answer: paternity laboratories CANNOT promise or guarantee court admissibility--BEWARE OF SUCH CLAIMS--ONLY A JUDGE can determine if a report will be allowed into court as evidence. You should do a google search for OCSE state profiles and check and see what are the parameters for presumed parentage are in your state. It could be that if the child has been born into the marriage then your husband could be the LEGAL father. Once last thing: I am curious as to how the alleged biological father gained access to the child in the first place in order to do the test.

Answer: There is not any help that I can give you based on the conception information that you have provided except to say that if December 23rd is truly her LMP then you could very well be the father based on the dates that you have given me provided that she slept with no one else during that period. Your cause for suspicion leaves me curious as to whether you think there was another person. I hope this helps.

Answer: First, you should take the pregnancy test before worrying about the consequesces. You can have a prenatal test done at 10 weeks. You can find plenty of information on the subject by searching the threads in this forum. By the way we have a Fairfax Affiliate in BC.

Answer: IMPORTANT! UPDATE TO PREVIOUS QUESTION--PLEASE USE THE LINK BELOW TO OBTAIN THE SIBLING TEST. THANKS. determining sibling relationships with blood types is almost impossible to do. Your best solution would be to use of our QuickHit Sibling Edition tests which you can download at QuickHit Sibling Edition

Answer: determining sibling relationships with blood types is almost impossible to do. Your best solution would be to use of our QuickHit Sibling Edition tests which you can download at QuickHit Sibling Edition

Answer: None that I know of.

Answer: it is going to depend on what state that you are in. Search this forum for links that I have posted to OCSE State Profiles. It will take you to a government site that list rules for each of the states regarding OCSE issues. It will help you.

Answer: It is likely that conception happened between March 8th and March 22nd.

Answer: The conception would have happened between February 8th through February 20th

Answer: Either the father OR the mother can determine the type of the child--the ABO system is a very weak system for determining paternity. You might want to consider using one of our inexpensive home kits which you may obtain at Fairfax Identity Laboratories

Answer: While there may be some genetic similarities between cousins, on the average about 7/8 of their genetic makeup is different. If two men named in a paternity action were cousins, standard paternity testing should be more than sufficient to distinguish between them.

Answer: Absolutely--you can use BOTH grandparents or you can use a combination of sibling and a grandparent or better still you can test any other children that he may have had to do a half sibling relationship.

Answer: B or O but since you only gave me one Rh, I will say positive or negaive is possible.

Answer: Not a whole lot. I would talk to her first since you are getting this information second hand and you two need to decide if a paternity test is in order.

Answer: I do not have enough information here to answer your question. Please supply us with a rewritten question and provide me with the due date.

Answer: We are not lawyers here--you should direct this question to a qualified family law attorney. You should definitely move forward with establishing paternity--having no doubt is good but it is always better to have no doubt on paper. You can get a selection of test kits at Fairfax Identity Laboratories

Answer: Honestly, facial features are not a good way to determine paternity. I noticed that you have quite an extensive list. You could speculate but you will never really know. You may want to consider using one of our downloadable home kits. They are only 210 dollars. You can get one at fairfaxidlab.com or paternitynet.com. The download is free. You pay for the test when the samples arrive.

Answer: If a court orders a test then you cannot refuse. If there is no court order then you both must agree to do the test since his name is NOT on the certificate.

Answer: Regarding the birth certificate issue--for those questions you should look through this forum of posted links to OCSE profiles where you can read about your state laws. Depending on the state, if you do a paternity test then you should take the results to an attorney if it shows that you are NOT the father. In some states you may be right but in others--no it will not relieve you from paying child support.

Answer: I would hazard a guess that you may be in the State of Florida. They have contracted a primary and a Secondary lab--the purpose is to make sure that exclusions are confirmed. Ironically, the American Association of Blood Banks REQUIRES that exclusions be rerun before releasing the result to insure quality control. For those of you who buy a private test, this is not a stand out service that they are offering you--the labs who are certified do not really have a choice. It is required to insure quality control. As to your last questions--Of course they don't want to expend taxpayer money on welfare programs--that is money that could be appled to other areas such as education. That is the reason that states go after unpaying confirmed fathers. Now, if you are in Florida--here is the kick: If THEY run the second test it is because the mother is contesting the first test so in the end if you ARE excluded on the second test then it likely that they will leave you alone and move on to find the next possible father. Good luck with your test.

Answer: It will depend on how texas is handling the case. Texas may opt to move forward without involving Colorado in which case Texas law would apply. If Colorado is brought in to assist then Colorado law would apply as it will be heard in their courts. Regarding who pays--there is no hard rule of thumb NOT even in the state of Texas--the individual judge in each court will decide who will pay for the test.

Answer: First, you can not use another adults samples without his consent. As for the conception: December 1st through December 17th.

Answer: I have no idea what the accuracy of a dna test has to do with a person's last name but a motherless test is just as accurate as one WITH the mother.

Answer: no-- there is only a only a 0.02 percent chance that he is not the father.

Answer: CVS is performed by removing a small sample of the placenta (nourishment for the baby) from the uterus. It is removed with either a catheter (a thin tube) or a needle. Local anesthesia is used for this test. The sample of placenta may be obtained through the cervix. A catheter is inserted into the vagina and through the cervix and the sample is withdrawn. The sample also can be obtained by inserting a needle into the abdomen and withdrawing some of the placenta. Most women feel fine after the test, although some may have mild bleeding (spotting) afterward. CVS is usually done between the 10th and 12th weeks of pregnancy. Consult with your doctor to properly ascertain any potential risks.

Answer: just go to our website, fairfaxidlab.com, and download one of our test kits--they only cost 210 dollars and you send the money in when you send in the samples.

Answer: August 31st though September 15th for both.

Answer: August 8th through 27th.

Answer: If you want to find out if your husband is the faher then I suggest that you download one of our testkits. Sonograms are approximations and are not written in stone. Your erratic periods certainly do not reinforce the matter and are a strong arguement for following through with a test.

Answer: There is nothing in this email that I can use--regarding the birth certificate, go to google and put in OCSE State Profiles. You can also find links for this site throughout this forum. It will give you the laws for your state regarding paternity.

Answer: yes, it is--if you read the thread of this forum you can get a lot of information. You can also get information at fairfaxidlab.com.

Answer: May 31 through June 15th.

Answer: Sounds like someone is trying to make a quick sale to you for a paternity test. In fact, when you do a prenatal test the mother's samples MUST be part of the colletion process. If the baby has been born then a motherless test is ok since the lab will run additional test to account for the lack of the mother. STILL, it is helpful to the lab to always have the mother for reference.

Answer: Some of your questions will not be answered as they should be addressed by an attorney. NEVER sign a birth certificate if you are uncertain as to the parentage. Insist on the paternity test--the birth certificate could lock you into paying child support for many years to come. Look out for people in the hospital who try to take advantage of the emotional moment of child support. Generally they can be part of the state's paternity aknowlegement program--most hospitals now have such a coordinator in hospitals so beware.

Answer: It is always possible but not very likely. You can download one of our test kits at fairfaxidlab.com and you can look over the collection instructions yourself. We do not answer legal questions here.

Answer: which court? Which county? Which state? You question is 50 states too vague. Get on Google and search OCSE State Profiles. You can find the requirements for your particular state there.

Answer: Many of the older tests involving HLA and red cell antigens were subject to the confusion of cross reactive markers as well as a number of quality control problems that needed close monitoring. That's why DNA testing is much better; the markers are much more clear cut. HLA typings don't change in a person, but can be mis-called when the results aren't completely clear.

Answer: It can be done in principle, but it's a whole lot more difficult. While the available grandparent should match on half of the tests performed, s/he won't match on the other half, and the combined relationship value is cut in half for each time the tested grandparent doesn't match. If the lab runs, say, 10 marker, the tested grandparent will theoretically match on five and not match ont the other five. The unavailable grandparent would have matched on these five, but s/he's not there to be tested. Consequently, the combined index will be halved five times. Overall, that means dividing the index by 2^5 or 32. An index of 1000 drops to about 30, which is too low to be admissible in any court system.

Answer: At this time your best bet would be to just do a home test kit. Fairfax has a very inexpensive and reliable one at our website. I say this because you are already paying child support and it is unlikely that your will be able to overturn the judgement. You should check with an attorney.

Answer: the child would have been conceived between January 3rd through January 18th. You need to rethink your dates.

Answer: A mutation, generally described, is any change in the genetic material. The vast majority of them (VAST majority) are harmless. The one you refer to is probably especially harmless because the tests that are used for paternity establishment look at regions of the DNA that don't have any medical importance. They are "silent" with regard to any sort of function, which is part of the reason they're used. Whether you want to call them common or not depends on your definition of "common." Most paternity reports are mutation free, but any lab that does a fair number of paternity tests will be no stranger to mutations. They're not anything to be surprised or concerned about, either for the lab or for the people who are tested. They typically manifest themselves as numbers that are, as in your case, one off between the parent and the child.

Answer: It depends on the kind of test that was performed. An STR test should allow comparison between two people who have been tested by that method, although doing that test that way would be unusual. Also, very few labs were doing that kind of test in 1995. Most labs would prefer to run at the same time all of the people in question. In fact, in the absence of unusual circumstances, labs usually won't agree to provide a report of comparisons done in the way you have described. Testing everybody together will allow direct comparison between their genetic characteristics to be made clearly and with a lot less room for questions. I would suggest that he request new tests.

Answer: Yes, 10 weeks, CVS sample collection.

Answer: If you did not get them from a doctor yourself, then I would not beleive your 18 year old sex partner. He is, after all, having sex with a minor which, in most states. is illegal. Never take drugs that someone just hands you--the best that you can do now is to just monitor your menstual period and if you think you are pregnant then have go to the drug store and get a home paternity test or better yet--see an ob/gyn or a Physican's Assistant who specializes in women's issues. Good luck.

Answer: conception would have happened between Novemember 25th and December 10th.

Answer: Huh? Oh, I get it...I think....the man you believe to be the daddy was excluded. NO--it will NOT effect the test result--you need to have the other guy tested before you start questioning the first results. You have to exclude the second guy--there is a 50 percent chance that he could be the father.

Answer: Conception would have happened between May 23rd and June 7th. I cannot guess on the .2 percent.

Answer: conception would have happened between Novemember 10th and November 25th.

Answer: You would be foolish to think that either of you would be exempt from being a father because one of you "checked for holes" in the ocndom. Each of you have a 50 percent chance of being the father. As for the issue of whether you HAVE to have a test--well that is up to the mother. If she decides to take you to court and the court orders you to take a test you must comply. Likewise, if the other guy goes and asks for a test and names you in the complaint then both of you guys and the mother may have to comply.

Answer: conception would have happened betweeen March 1st and March 15th.

Answer: You can't. You could try taking it up with the court but don't look for anything to happen.

Answer: I should not have to say this but do the math--a 32 percent margin of error and NO state in the country would seriously accept this result.

Answer: It is possible actually--there is a 50/50 chance.

Answer: This is just a reminder that Fairfax Identity Laboratories only answers questions regarding paternity testing. DO NOT ask questions that you should be taking to an attorney. Emails of this nature will be deleted with response.

Answer: It seems to me that your dilemma is whether to believe your husband or to believe the science. I would bank on the mother's claim that your husband is the father. We say the lab should know if there are first cousions (NOTICED I SAID FIRST COUSINS AND NOT JUST COUSINS) involved and if the lab knows then it can account for it in the testing--generally it DOES NOT effect the outcome.. the ONLY way you are going to resolve this issue is to insist that the cousin be tested.

Answer: It sounds like you are seeking verification that he is not the father. You do no give me much to go with here. You are describing a scenario where the father has been excluded or find NOT to be the father. You do not indicate whether or not the test was obtained by court orer or whether it was a home kit. Lastly, a test excluding you is not a get of jail free card--please understand that a paternity test is only a PIECE of what the judge looks at to determine whether or not a case should be closed. Based on what you are NOT telling me I would hazard a guess that the judge must have his reasons.

Answer: There is not enought information provided here to give you any type of projection.

Answer: Go to fairfaxcryobank.com and you can do the calculations on a calcuator yourself and project the possible combinations.

Answer: conception occurred between June 22nd to July 6th

Answer: Most labs store remaining samples. I can't speak for Non-AABB labs but the AABB requires that copies of the reports be placed on file to become part of the quality control protocols. No mistakes if you use Fairfax--I cannot speak for other labs. If you have two different results from two different testings then you need to determine paternity by performing a third test with a different lab--do not use the same lab. If the man has been included in the test then a caluation for the combined paternity index is performed taking into account the FATHER's race.

Answer: It is possible.

Answer: If you are thinking that you are pregnant then do a home pregnancy test.

Answer: First, you can't force her to have the test until after the child is born and that would be through a court order. There is no such thing as a low cost prenatal test and the procedure has to be performed under the care of a medical physician.

Answer: I am guessing by the things that you say in your message that you are not an American. Here in the States, the lab is obligated to provide a copy of a report to each Teated non-minor. If I were you, I would contact your own solicitor and make sure you are being told the truth.

Answer: you need to consult with an attorney.

Answer: CVS and Amniotic testing are fetal collections performed at various points of the pregnancy. If the mother objects to having the test done at 10 weeks then the father should sit and wait for the baby to be born and then petition the ocurt for the test. You cannot court order an invasive procedure.

Answer: I doubt if you notified the talk show that they would have known what to do with the information. Not sharing this information was probably not the brightest idea--apparently at least three people know about it HOWEVER it is likely that the test did pick the correct father but it would have been nice to have had the husband tested as well--I am sure that the talk show would have jumped at that scenario. If you feel that the husband should have gotten test then have a paternity test performed.

Answer: no

Answer: conception would have occurred between August 16th through August 30th

Answer: no

Answer: Using uncles to prove paternity is not the best way but it is do-able. The mother, the child, and the two uncles would need to be tested. You would be better off if you have the two paternal grandparents or at least one other child sired by the deceased.

Answer: Home tests are just that--curiosity test and will not hold in a court of law. You saw him do the test--did you see him package the samples? Did you see him mail the samples? Was there ANY time he was alone with the samples? If you do not like the results then you should have a court admissible test to confirm the results of the first test.

Answer: You're going to have to wait until the baby is born. You waited too long to have a prenatal test.

Answer: I am not going to decide for you which one that it might be. Conception could have occurred between October 31st and November 18th.

Answer: Anytime that you have intercourse, protection or not, there is always a chance of pregnancy. There is NO 100 percent protection except for abstinance. I have no opinion on whose it could be since due datee are generally estimates. You should do a paternity test.

Answer: Hard to tell. YOu had interncourse with two diferent ment on two consecutive days. I would do a paternity test.

Answer: Very close--there is a 50/50 chance.

Answer: "Inclusion" means that the questioned parent matches with the child where s/he needs to match. That isn't going to change under any circumstances. Matches are matches and are identified before any calculation is done that requires the racial information. The facile answer to the wrong race thing is to say that some of the paternity indices may be too high, but others may be too low, with the overall result not changing much because the "too highs" and the "too lows" tend to counteract each other. I have never had the time to actually try a calculation to see how much truth is actually in that idea, though. However, you talk in terms of the probability. If the index you give (5471) were two fold too high (which is probably an extreme if the race were wrong; it's not likely to be off nearly that much), that is, if, with the correct race the index came out to be 2736, the probability of paternity would still be 99.96% instead of the 99.98% you actually had on your report. If the 5471 were FOUR fold too high, i.e., 1368 instead of 5471, the probability would still be 99.93%.

Answer: No--either the mother or the father but not exclusively the father.

Answer: This has been posted over and over again on this board. Yes, CVS and Amniotic collection--between 10 and 20 weeks and yes, they are very accurate.

Answer: Yes, you can do a sibling test which we offer at our website, fairfaxidlab.com. The test is relatively inexpensive and is vry accurate.

Answer: You never really asked a question her so I am going to tell you to move forward and do a paternity test before you sign anything that would cause a long term committment.

Answer: Most labs allow the collection of home kits in this manner but will not do a court admissible version without some sort of consent.

Answer: Unless you have a power of attorney you cannot use his samples without his consent.

Answer: As soon as the baby is born you can move forward with the test.

Answer: when you have sex without a condom you are taking the chance that you will get pregnant. There is no grace period for having sex without a condom.

Answer: Conception would have occured between December 30th and January 14th. There is a variance regarding your LMP however so I calculated based on your due date and then again on you LMP. Conception dates are estimations at best and should NOT be used as an inexpensive paternity test. I would have a paternity test with the seocnd one first ("this boy") and then take it from there.

Answer: yes

Answer: A genetic locus (plural is loci) is simply a section of the genetic material or a place on the DNA where information is coded. Paternity tests look at a number of such loci whose sequence varies from person to person. If you are excluded at seven loci, you are not the child's parent. The question about percentage doesn't make sense as an exclusions do not list percentages because there isn't one--if you have to have a number--it is ZERO percent.

Answer: The locus numbers are perhaps best understood as genetic addresses. Related people are likely to have similar characteristics at a number of those addresses, but sometimes you can have similarities with somebody who's not related to you, just by chance. The test results that the lab obtains weigh the likelihood of sharing the characters by chance ("the random person off the street" situation) against the likelihood of sharing them if you're related and from that result calculates a probability that you and the other tested person are really biological relatives.

Answer: If he was not the father, the report would NOT say 99 percent--99 percent is usually an indicator that he is the father. Reread the report and submit the summary to me and I will tell you what it means--usually people will take a phrase like "not excluded" to mean he is not the father but it is the exact opposite.

Answer: There is a 50/50 chance that this is your child. You have to understand that as the pregancy progresses that the doctor will adjust some of the dates that he may have originally given the mother and you. Look for the conception to probably have occured between August 1st and August 17h. I hope this helps.

Answer: Well you have to understand that the calculation and the any comments that you get from the doctor that these are all estimates. With the conception figure a week before and week after with the date as the mid point. If you think he really is the father, then indulge him and do one of our home kits. They are inexpensive and you just download them off of our site. You pay WHEN you send in the samples--not before.

Answer: Yes, we have answered this question many times--if you search this forum you can find a lot on the subject.

Answer: They degrade long before 6 months. HLA has to be in the lab to be tested within 24-72 hours--it is a MAJOR drawback of using hla for paternity testing--in order to test with HLA the cells must be alive. YOu cannot use three year old HLA samples. Instead, you take the results on the paper and compare the numbers instead of working with dead samples.

Answer: There is no difference.

Answer: I would make sure that the lab is certified by the American Association of Bloodbanks. I know that sounds strange but Canadian and UK labs carry this certification if they are reputable. Since you are dealing with two different countries there has to be a common bond when it comes to quality control of the sample. Don't accept any other type of lab and if he takes the time and looks hard enough he can find one.

Answer: NO--not by your blood types--you don't have enough genetic information to determine--you need to do a sibling relationship test. We sell a kit that you can download at fairfaxidlab.com. the cost is 400 dollars.

Answer: If you decide that you should get a lawyer you will need one who specializes in social security issues--not paternity. Aunt to niece or nephew tests may not provide you with the answers that social security needs render a decision. You could go with mother, child and aunt but that would still be iffy--even better would be mother, child and at least one other child that he might have sired to do a sibling test. Both of the father's parents would be really good if they are available. Hope this helps.

Answer: It can be EITHER the father OR the mother.

Answer: You took a home test--if the Surgeon General came by your house and witnessed the home kit being collected it still could NOT be used in ANY court in this counntry. If the man tested thinks that he is not the father based on the home test then he should have NO real problem stepping up to take a court admissible version.

Answer: We are not in the business of telling people how to "fix" a test.

Answer: You cannot become immune to pregnancy by having long term sex with a constant partner. That is not the way the human reproductivie system like to work. If your LMP (if I am hearing you correctly) was February 4th then conception would have occurred between February 5th and February 17th.

Answer: The conception would have occurred somewhere between July 5th and July 24th.

Answer: Conception would have occured somewhere between January 19th and February 1st which places the first guy in the running. Protection does not guarantee that you will not get pregnant--nature finds a way. Due dates are always an estimate but they can be pretty much on the mark--for an estimate.

Answer: The child could have been conceived anywhere between July 19th through August 2nd

Answer: Yes but you should call the lab you are going to use before proceeding to make sure you and lab know exactly what it is you want to have done.

Answer: Pregancy tests are not 100 percent accurate and I believe that most of these drugstore tests advise that you confirm your pregnancy with a qualified medical doctor.

Answer: Allof this depends on the judge but yes, a judge can pretty much order anything he wants and the subjects of the order are compelled to comply. The consequences of contempt of court is at the sole discretion of the judge.

Answer: yes, you can just download one of our QuckHit (Sibling Editionthen Test Solutions) and then do the test using those forms. The cost of the test is 400 dollars and you pay when you send in the samples--the test is secure and reliable--if you have questions feel free to contact us at 800-482-3025.

Answer: You are probably not asking the right people--we, for example, are not the right people. You should go to your local university medical center and ask to speak specifically to a person called a "genetic counselor". They will be able to answewr and then some. Good luck!

Answer: You contact Child Support Enforcement in your state and asked to be connected to their Voluntary Paternity Acknowledgemt Program. They can guide you from there.

Answer: A home kit would certainly seem to be a good solution. You can download one at fairfaxidlab.com--click on pricing and then look for QuickHit(Home Identity Test)--click on that and it will download a file to your desktop--that is your kit. just follow directions and you will do fine. You do not pay the 210 dollars until you send in the kit PLUS the mother and child can be done in the different state by just downloading from our website as well. If you are paying the 210 dollars then they do not have to send in any money. If you have questions about this innovative test kit call 800-482-3024.

Answer: No, only a court can take his name off the records--a dna test would be needed as proof but the court still may or may not help you.

Answer: I am not answering the second question because it should be addressed to an attorney. I cannot tell you what the outcome of a dna test will be BUT if this DID happen and you did not tell the lab of the situation then you are wasting their time. The lab needs to know information like this to help them when examining the results for a report. Ther is a three percent chance the nephew is not the father. A 97 percent is NOT an acceptable standard by most quality labs.

Answer: Yes, it is called a prenatal paternity test but unfortunately, I doubt that she will be able to do it because she is too far along. She should wait until the baby is born and then have the test.

Answer: the results should be a 99 percent or A Zero. A 96 percent is unacceptable. That test needs to be finished. Do do the test until the husband is retested with a better lab. It is likely that the husband is the father of the child but there is a four percent chance he is NOT. The ex-girlfriend needs to clear this up before going after your boyfriend.

Answer: Generally, the father pays but there is no hard rule of thumb--Bottom line: it is entirely up to the whim of the ocurt.

Answer: No explanation needed. You are correct. An O plus an O will yield only an O and for the Rh--two positives will yield either a positive OR a negative Rh. Before you decide that something ominous may be afoot--choose to err on the side of caution and consider that someone had not been typed correctly--this is more common then you think.

Answer: If he has a paternity test and it turns out that he is not the father tnen he CANNOT just stop paying support--the dna test is not a get out of jail free card--it is only part of the paternity determination process. Only a court can release him from his obligations and regarding social services--if they feel a paternity test is warranted then they will allow for one and MAYBE(not in every state) pay for the service. Chanceds are that he won't be released from his obligations (again depending on the state) because he signed the birth certificate. You should check with yor chld support agent to verify what I am saying.

Answer: I am not going to comment on the blood type--because the information that you are providing is very vague.--here is where you should be focusing your attention: on the percentage. 97.39 percent means that there is a 2.61 percent chance that he is NOT the father. With today's technology, he should probably be retested.

Answer: 0.00 percent means that there is NO chance that he could be the father--if someone is excluded it is always 0 percent. Regarding the race--race is really only relevant when calculating an inclusion (he is the father) and only the father's race is used to make that determination.

Answer: She could have written Paul McCartney, Jr. on the child's birth certificate but unless Paul McCartney were to sign the BC it means absolutely nothing. Make sure that he DOES NOT sign anything until he has that test otherwise should very well lock him in as the father the test will become nothing more then wishful thinking.

Answer: A laboratory will be able to tell the diference.

Answer: Well, first examine those papers carefully when you get them--you may want to have an attorney look them over--it is likely that they will want you to admit to the paternity by signing a paper--if you sign you may waive your right to the test. There may be somewhere on the paper that you can check that will give you the option of having the test. That is why you should have a lawyer look over the papers. As for the other being in another state--don't worry about that --labs collect between states routinely.

Answer: You got your type from either your mother or your father--your grandparents have nothing to do with it--the reason you are a negative is because a positive and a negative will yield EITHER a negative or a positive. You could have just as well had a positive. Regarding inherited illnesses you should seek the advice of a qualified genetic counselor.

Answer: How do you know that if she has been lying to you all these years that she is telling you "the truth" now? Check with an attorney but I am sure, regardless of the outcome fo the test, that you will still be obligated to pay the support on the child as you ARE the child's legal parent.

Answer: not necessarily. He could have the same blood type and factor as the mother. The father DOES NOT always determine the type of the child. Do a paternity test.

Answer: No, there is not.

Answer: Yes--the child was born into the marriage and that makes him the legal father.

Answer: 5 to 7 business days

Answer: No. It only takes 90 days for transfused blood to leave the systme. 11 years later the transfusion would be irrelevent. Blood transfusions cannot alter a persons dna.

Answer: we do not discuss the risks involved regarding invasive procedures on this board. The paternity test is of no harm to the child or to the mother HOWEVER the collection is invasive so before moving forward I would suggest that you discuss the CVS or Amnio collection procedure with an OB/GY or a Genetic Counselor to acess the risks.

Answer: The type of the child must be either O positive or O negative.

Answer: You're not going to like this answer but if you are paying child support and want another test to refute the previous test then you will have to take that up with the court. If you had a test now and it said you were not the father, the court will not necessarily release you from the obligation of paying support. Resources: see a family support lawyer.

Answer: I made a comment earlier about leaving the lab short of pertinent information and this is a good example. To calculate a combined paternity index, you need to know the index of each system which is placed on your report along with a calculation for CPI. If the reason that you have left out the index is because the father was exlcuded on this testing understand that an eclusion is zero and so there would be NO CPI. By the way, these are not dna systems so I am assuming you had a test quite some time ago.

Answer: No--you are compelled by the court to cooperate.

Answer: There is a 50/50 chance that he could be the father.

Answer: August 24 throught September 7

Answer: I guess my question to you is what is to stop him from obtaining an order for paternity testing. If you have alleged that he is the father in any way--he may be able to obtain and order and if he does then you are compelled by the court to cooperate.

Answer: The testing would not be different--it would be a good idea to bring in BOTH potential fathers but if that is not possible then it is imperative that the lab be notified of the situation. Holding back information is something that test subjects frequently will do--it is not a smart idea to NOT give a lab relevant information.

Answer: To use the example given, the notation "D3S1358" is interpreted as follows: "D" means that the location is on the DNA of the human genome (there are some organisms who have RNA as genomes;" "3" indicates that the location, or locus, being tested is on chromosome #3; "S" means that there is normally only a Single copy of the genetic sequence anywhere in the entire haploid genetic makeup of the person; "1358" is a "catalog number," for want of a better word. You could think of it as the 1358th sequence characterized on chromosome 3, if you like. The sequences that are studied are short stretches of genetic subunits, called bases, that are repeated one after another. The numbers that two related people share indicate the number of repeats of the sequence at the genetic locus in question.

Answer: You have already answered your question. You said he did a home test and that you did not see him take the test. Retake a test and this time pay a little for to have a court admissible version done and make sure that you are tested as well--make sure all samples are collected the same place at the same time.

Answer: no, you cannot.

Answer: March 25th through April the 8th would be the time of conception. You need to take a paternity test to answer your second question and you should discuss the merits of sonograms with a qualified medical professional.

Answer: Yes, you can search this forum for the many post that we have put on on the subject of prenatal testing... They should answer your question.

Answer: between July 18th and August 1st.

Answer: A prenatal paternity test is an invasive procedure and any invasive procedure may involve risks. You must check with a physician or a qualified Genetic Counselor in order to properly ascertain risks.

Answer: I don't know what a "coverage in the vagina" is. Suffice it to say that some people have lots of kids over lots of years, so that in itself, if you think about it for a second, argues against what I THINK you're saying, that the likelihood of a woman having children with a man goes down the longer she has sex with him. Which one could be the father? Either one could be, on the basis of the information provided. Get a test to be sure; that's the only way.

Answer: You can do the test at the 10th week--you will have to check with your local health department or abortion clinic. Abortion cut off times will vary from state to state.

Answer: Huh? I have no idea what your questions is. Please restate your question.

Answer: she can refile anywhere that she goes but it will take time for the state to pick up her case to the point where they will come seeking aknowledgement. When they do, ask for the test before you sign anything.

Answer: If you submit questions that should be more properly answered by an attorney those questions will be immediately deleted with NO response. Please direct those questions to the appropriate lawyer driven forums of Divorcenet.com. Ask the Experts is not a lawyer forum.

Answer: You could but it would be better to get one of the deceased's children and do a sibling relationship testing for half or no sibship.

Answer: somewhere between August 3rd and August 18th

Answer: I would start by contacting an attorney and see about petitioning for a test. If you are the father, the attorney will be able to counsel you on your legal rights.

Answer: 10 weeks and it is a dna test so it is very accurate.

Answer: yes, you can find the answer here from previous post.

Answer: The child will be an A or an O

Answer: two positives will produce either a negative OR a positive Rh. Two A's will produce eith an A or an O. He could very well be the father of the child but consider taking one of our home tests.

Answer: It is hard to say since your information is vague. Regardless, as I have said in my previous posts, calculation are estimates and I would not tell you who is more likely to be the father. Get a test.

Answer: In some states, paternity is considered conclusive at 97 percent. A 97 percent indicates a 3 percent margin of error.

Answer: Have the paternity test. Forget the features issue and also consider that the conception calculations are estimates and so are not entirely accurate. You need to move forward with the test to give yourself closure.

Answer: Well, as I see it, the change in dates has you somewhat confused. Remember that these types of calculations have a variance of give or take two weeks before or after. In your case I would consider doing two calculations which I will do now. Lets Start with June 11th: the child would have been conceived between September 9th through September 22nd--NOW let's take the other extreme--June 18th--the child would have been between September 19th and September 27th. Unfortunately, you cannot say who the father is because the times that you had intercourse with these two men overlap--and you are right you need to do a molecular based test which will accurately pinpoint your father. I am getting the impression that you are trying to decide which man you will test first. I would say you should consider testing the husband first and then go on from there if need be. good luck.

Answer: It will depend on the judge but I would let your husband be tested and THEN take it the judge for a decision--otherwise this man will continue to test this case into eternity.

Answer: I don't know anything about the Jewish faith so you should check with someone more knowlegable spirtually. She can give the child any name she wants. The real question is WHOSE name is going on the certicate as the father? As far as paying or splitting the cost, the lab won't care who pays it--that is between you two to decide--or, if you two cannot make the decision between you--a court to decide.

Answer: if the first man came back included at that percentage, I would be very surprised is the second father came back with the same result.

Answer: Home kits are not court admissible and are for "curiosity" ONLY. Most of these tests are done without the participation of the mother.

Answer: search this board for the links that I have posted to the Federal OCSE state profiles. When you get there, click on the state of your choice and then click on paternity--you will find your answer there.

Answer: You can probably find most of the answers to your question by contacting the clerk of courts offices as court proceedings are a matter of public record. A paternity test does not have to be performed to determine paternity--the signing of the birth certificate in some state will settle the issue--in some states a signing of the birth certificate AND a paternity aknowledgement will determine paternity and paternity can be declared by the court "in default" if a man is deemed uncooperative. A paternity test is only part of the picture you see.

Answer: if they have the same father and different mothers they are half siblings--likewise, if they have different fathers but the same mother they are also half siblings--that is what determines a half sibling relationship.

Answer: you have to have the test if you are compelled by the court to do so. If the court tells her to have then she has to comply

Answer: Before he can sign over his rights you have to establish the child's actual parentage. YOu and the guy need to do a paternity test first then take results to an attorney.

Answer: No. It cannot.

Answer: figure on spending around 2200 dollars in out of pocket expenses. Insurance will not cover this proecdure.

Answer: In the state of Virginia, paternity is conclusive if the paternity aknowledgement has been signed AND the birth certificate has been signed. I doubt seriously if the man can get a peternity test and have himself declared the father of the child. Legal paternity has been established.

Answer: No. There is no serious validation studies performed in this country to make it an acceptable solution and it is currently NOT endorsed by the American Association of Blood Banks. You are better off spending your money on tried and true procedures.

Answer: yes--and no. You have it half right which is appropriate for sibling question. Half sibling wil share only ONE common parent while whole siblings will share BOTH parents. In half siblings the common parent can be EITHER the mother OR the father. It does not matter.

Answer: Mutations in any genetic test system are not unknown, and they typically manifest as a unit number difference (such as 29 in the child and 28 in the AF). Know two things: first, it depends on whether or not the 29 is truly the allele that had to have come from the child's biological father, and since no mother's data are given, this can't be known for sure; and second, it's important to know whether or not this was the only exclusion on the report. No lab testing to accepted standards will exclude a man on the basis of only one genetic inconsistency. At least two are required, and for the STR-type tests (as in this case), each of them should be a mismatch that is off by more than a unit number difference. If this exclusion is one of several, then it really doesn't matter if it's real or not; there are others that would reinforce the conclusion of nonpaternity.

Answer: First, if you look around on the internet there are caluclators that you can find for each state that will calculate how much child support you could expect to pay. Second, IF the Attorney General's office orders you, through the court order, your are compelled to submit. If you do NOT take the test they could declare you to be the father by default and you would still end up paying child support--do not neglect any contact that you have may have with the AG's office. Lastly, confirm what I have said here with an attorney.

Answer: If she doesn't want the test get an attorney and see if you can have a court ordered test performed.

Answer: Grandmother wants full custody of the child? Bearing in mind that she raised a child who is allegedly manic depressive and potentially abusive, she should probably concentrate on the child that she does have. Until paternity is established, she has no rights as a grandparent but you should check with an attorney to determine her rights, if there are any at all.

Answer: Well, first things first--don't sign that birth certificate without a test. If she does not want a test then there must be some sort of reason. Secondly, BEFORE you enter into a support agreement you should contact Queens Counsel in Canada and find out EXACTLY what Canada's stance is on this subject and how child support works. Canada DOES have a reciprocal agreement with the United States for the collection of child support so try to establish what you need under Canadian law.

Answer: It does not sound to me as is she is going to be forthright about any information that will help you to detemine paternity. I would just insist on a paternity test BEFORE any papers, including the birth certificate, are signed. I could not even begin to speculate on whether or not should could pass the baby off as pre-mature.

Answer: HUH?

Answer: If this child wants "closure" then he should have no problem take a paternity test. Our Quickhit kits are downloadable and only cost 210 dollars. If he tries to play with the test in anyway--the child would be excluded so you could probably assume that there would be no monkey business on the part of the child. Tell your friend NOT to do anything until he has a test. If you have questions about QuickHit, you can contact us at 800-482-3025.

Answer: If you search through this board you will find links to a site called OCSE State Profiles. You should be able to get you answer at that site.

Answer: I cannot tell you if the babies are identical twins based on this information alone. We sell a twin test that you can download from our website which is on 285 dollars but you can't do the test until the babies have been born.

Answer: No,child support has to be overtuned by the oourt and home test kits are NOT admissible in a court of law.

Answer: A drug testing company would be better qualified to answer those questions.

Answer: You can do the test the very day the baby is born.

Answer: There are three ways. 1. using both paternal grandparents 2. using a sample from the deceased. 3. Testing children of the deceased for sibling relationships.

Answer: laboratories have quality controll measures in place as a matter of routine. The best thing to do is to make sure that ALL are pleasant at the time of the collection and stay until it is packed and shipped.

Answer: The only way is if the child support people agree to waive the back support. Talk with an attorney and get some legal input before pursuing this option.

Answer: Well, he could do a home test on himself and the child--not court admissible but it will give him answer. He could go to court and seek a paternity test as well so yes, he can legally pursue the case--start by consulting with an attorney.

Answer: When the child is born, go to child support and file for support. They will ask you the names of the people whom you suspect is the father of the child. Let them take care of this for you.

Answer: No studies that I know of--I am curious--how is the second test going to rule out human error--what if the first test was correct all along and the second test is in error.

Answer: If he is the legal father, she cannot deny him his rights as a father. Take this up with a family law attorney and ask about things like joint custody and visitation. In some states, the birth certificate is considered conclusive proof of parentage.

Answer: you should probably contact the AG's office to find out if there is another test. You are challenging the results so do not look for the court to pay for the second test--except in Florida where they will pay for a second test.

Answer: you can read more about this subject by search the entrie thread. Yes, it is possible and the process can start at about 10 weeks.

Answer: absolutely

Answer: Personally, I do think you are grasping at straws--the swab he decribed as spoon shaped is just a different sytle of swab--there are many types. The court gave you an "attitude" because they consider the issue closed. Child support offices do not always collect on site so it does not surprise me that he was tested at an off site facility. IF there is a father--a potential father that you have NOT tested against then you need to test him and any others before you go after the first guy again. You need to eliminate ALL variables in order to make your argument credible.

Answer: They used to send it to Greensboro but that lab is now defunct--they could send it to Burlingotn. If results are forged then the lab who did the testing will be able to tell you. If the lab who tested your case was in Greensboro, NC--just fax it to me at 336-883-3856. I will probably be able to tell you.

Answer: See an attorney before you go to the court and YES take your paternity test with you to show to the judge. Consult with an attorney first.

Answer: If the child was born into their marriage then he will most likely be liable to pay child support and I will be surprised if he is able to get a test. He needs to contact an attorney immediately.

Answer: He could take the child and perform a home test but without the birth certificate he would be hard pressed to get one that is court admissible.

Answer: Unfortunately, the world is not fair and this is one of those unfair examples. If she is going for child suport and they are going to come after him, he will most likely have the opportunity to ask for the test--do NOT sign ANYTHING until you talk to the agency about the test option--you should also take any document that they send you to sign to an attorney to make sure you get the opportunity for a test. Good luck.

Answer: She is alleging that you are the father. First, you will have to wait for the baby to be born, due to the uncooperative state of the mother, to get that paternity test. Since your name is most likely NOT going to be placed on the birth certificate, then get a court order for a paternity test to establish paternity. Do this under the advice of a family law attorney. They have the expertise to insure that you are afforded your paternal rights. If you ARE the father then the law protects your rights as a parent and only the law can take them away from you.

Answer: Wait until the baby is born and then file for child support. Let them give him the option of taking a test.

Answer: The father has convinced himself that there is a difference between a swab and a blood collecion--either way he is getting a dna TEST. A judge ignorant of the differences might order blood to be collected but is is very rare. He is grasping straws.

Answer: You can go to patenitynet.com and get a sibling test there at an inexpensive price..This test will allow you to test wihout your parents.

Answer: I think you have answered your own question. First,a dna test is only a piece of evidence. It will not automatically cause the child to be returned to you. The court will examine all of the evidence and then decide if it is in the interest of the child that you regain custody. The same for the second child. Get the lawyer.

Answer: Downs Syndrome does NOT effect the outcome of a paternity test. The mother is grasping at straws.

Answer: If you were still sexually active with her at the time of conception BEFORE she got pregnant then there is a chance that you could be the father and would be a 50/50 chance. You did not indicate how you knew he was definitely the father.

Answer: I think there is only a 0.4 percent that one of those other men could test positive. Those are pretty slim chances. As for giving the names to the child support, will that is up to you but do not expect them to give you a retest.

Answer: First, the other can give the child any last name that she chooses. She could name the child. She could give the child the last name of Disney but that does not mean that Walt Disney is the father of the child. Depending on the state, the birth certificate may or may not constitute a presumed paternity according to the Federal Office of Child Support Enforcement, Health and Human Services. You indicated in an email response to me that you live in the state of virginia. In the state of Virginia, a paternity is presumed if the man's name is on the birth certificate AND he has signed a paternity aknowledgement paper. BEWARE, in Virginia there are privatized agents who will seek to get you to sign the birth certificate and the PA paper when the child is born. You wil probalby feel some pressure but ,in reality, you don't HAVE to sign anything. I strongly urge you to do a paternity test first. Since you are in Virgina, you and the mother can come into Fairfax to our lab to do the test and we can get you the results in 5-7 working days. That is more then enough time for you to decide what you will sign. Please confirm what I have said with an attorney.

Answer: You can't get one that the court accepts--you signed away that right and don't look for them re-open the case and potentially bastardize the child. You could do home test kit, which we can provide, but it cannot be used in a court of law.

Answer: You've got to be kidding me. You can't break up paternity into percentages based on who pulled out and who didn't. I am sorry but the chances are still 50/50. Take a dna test.

Answer: Blood typing is as about as unspecific as you can get--you can heighten your suspicions but you will still be paying the child support. Regarding the issue of the mother moving to another state, you will need to consult with an attorney in the state where the mother resides. Also, i believe that if you are the father of the child you are allowed parental rights by law. Ask the attorney about those rights and about the possiblity of a dna test. Depending on what state you are in, marriage may constitute a presumed paternity.

Answer: I think you have already answered your own question. The mother is preventing, according to you, you from seeing your own son. You need to file your papers and seek visitation. You might also want to ask the judge to order a paternity test while you are at it.

Answer: your results were shipped, possibly to another state, to a second laboratory for "extended testing". You can expect this to take a lot longer--figure at least four to six weeks when you consider that it has to be sent back to the original lab for release and it will still need to be evaluated by the original lab. This is a common turnaround time in these cases.

Answer: it is not likely.

Answer: I would file for child support if you believe that it wil be diffult to get him to cooperate. I you do a test then with the child support involved then it will be whatever their contract price is.

Answer: very likely

Answer: The child will receive the type from only ONE of the parents but it can be either--neither the father nor the mother will dominate the determination of the child's blood type.

Answer: The child would have been conceived between September 5th and September 19th. Regarding yur court case--I am assuming that the child was not born into a marriage beween you two. In other words, you and he were never married to each other when the child was born? I could not see a court giving this man custody but do check with a lawyer--can he sue you? Again, check with an attorney but I could see what he could sue you for--that you misled him? I have noticed over the years that some men (not all) will use the "make you have the paternity test and then get custody (Read--take mama from her child) as a tactic to scare the mother into backing down from going for child support. Again, check with an attorney to confirm everything that I have said.

Answer: The grandmother does not have the right to have the test without the consent of the parent or a court order--I would be surprised to a court order such a test--well, not true entirely--she could talk the father's parents into doing a grandparentage test but she would have to have access to the child. In any case, she would have to the father's cooperation to do the test. Which brings me to the next question that comes to mind--is she in contact with someone that she THINKS is the father? If she IS talking to such a person, then I would keep an eye on her--she could do the test as a home kit which would need neither your consent nor a court order--it would not hold up in court but it would be a major irritation for you and the father. Talk to an attorney about what you can do to protect your child if you do not wish this test to be conducted.

Answer: Two O's will not make a B. Blood typing is passed directly form the parents--NOT the grandparents.

Answer: If it has been determined that you are the father of the child you have rights and it is not the mother's place to determine the limit of the rights--it is up to the court. Talk to an attorney and lay out for him your situation. Since you indicate that she is constantly on the move then ask the lawyer to consider looking into custody. I do not know the entirety of your situation but you need to have the lawyers working for you so that you can excercise your paternal rights.

Answer: You cannot. Paternity information is secured informaiton. If the test was conducted privately then ONLY your husband can get you that information--or you could ask the mother of the child that was tested. The laboratory will not provide that information for you unless you possess a court order and I seriously doubt you would be able to obtain a court order in this situation.

Answer: As I sat here reading your note one thing came to my mind, and I certainly do NOT mean to be insensitive, is where is your evidence. If you wish to make a case you have to have something concrete that you can take to an attorney. I would speak to social services and see if they will help--otherwise, you need to take your strong gathered evidence to a CARING private attorney who practices in that state.

Answer: You file for child support locally like you would do normally. The local authority will petition to the state level who petitions to the national level who petitions to the regeistry in the UK at Queen Anne' Gate. They can then initiate collection procedures on your behalf.

Answer: Well first--the test is not free--the kit is--you download it from our website and follow the directions. The cost of the test is 210 dollars. You can call us at 800-482-3025 if you would like us to walk you through a download.

Answer: You can either do paternity testing by CVS or Amnio collection. You need a doctor to perform the extraction. I do not know of anyone in Kansas City who performs this test.

Answer: Fairfax Identity Laboratories performs dna testing--our turnaround time is 5-7 business days. We use buccal swab collection for the taking of the samples.

Answer: I think you mean "repository". If you are referring to the DNA that was collected for the military dog tagging program then the answer would be "NO". However, you do NOT have to go to Georgia to take a test. We typically perform interstate tests for our clients. You can contact us at 800-482-3025 to set up a test.

Answer: The collector has to keep a sharp eye out for such activity but overall it is unlikely that it will happen--there are safeguards mandated by the American Association of Bloodbanks that AABB labs are supposed to follow to help insure the integrity of the test. I cannot not speak for non--aabb labs. They do not have to abide by the same quality control standards.

Answer: very simple. You can go to our website at fairfaxidlab.com and obtain one of our downloadable QuickHit Sibling Edition Test kits--the down load is free --the test is 400 dollars and you just send in the money with the test kit. This kit will help you to accurately discern if these two are indeed half siblings.

Answer: I am sorry to hear about your current conflict. We have a test kit that you can download at our website whose address I posted on a listing this morning. The kit that you want is the QuickHit Home Identity Test. The cost is 210 dollars. We do not make you pay for test kits--it is not our style. THAT BEING SAID--we cnnot use your swab sample because there is no way to verify conclusively that it came from the child that you wish to test. You have to have the paperwork from the kit before you collect the sample so that you can insure a sufficient chain of custody under AABB guidlines. I would talk to the police and see if they can suggest anything--being a domestic issue they may not be able to help you but it would be worth a try. Also, talk to an attorney about other issues including joint custody. Regarding the clipped hair--it is of no use.

Answer: Well you are separated by 2000 miles so I can assume that she is in another country? Ultrasound as a conception tool is an approximation. Should you be suspicious--not at this time but if yo continue to doubt then you could, after the 10th week of preganancy, consider a prenatal test.

Answer: THERE WAS A PROBLEM WITH LINK ON THE PREVIOUS POSTING--HERE IS THE QUESTION AGAIN WITH THE CORRECTED LINK: Absolutely--you downnload it at Fairfaxidlab.com. Hope this helps.

Answer: Absolutely--you downnload it at Fairfaxidlab.com. Hope this helps.

Answer: I would suggest that you wait until the baby is born and then have a home test perform--if he is excluded then move on to the second man. you can acquire the test at the following location: Get Test Kit.

Answer: We can do a home test for you for 210 dollars. You do the collection of the sample at home. It is that simple--you can acquire the test at the following location: Get Test Kit.

Answer: expect to pay an out of pocket expense of around 2000 dollars when you figure in the cost of the paternity test and the collection of the fetal sample. You can do the test of course but only with the consent of the mother and the approval of the physician who will perform the collection.

Answer: Who pays for the test is really between you two but if he is contending that he is not the father then it seems to me that the burden of proof is on him to prove his claim so she shuld pay for the test. You can do this test within DAYS after the baby is born--If he has an issue with paying for a test you might have him check out one of our QuickHit Paternity tests which only cost 210 dollars.

Answer: You cannot--it is sad but true--DNA laboratories are businesses and, as such, like to be paid for their services. Your best bet would be to see if someone you know would pay the cost of the test.

Answer: The "swab" test is no different in accuracy from the blood test. It is a good test.

Answer: yes, you can but you will need th authorization of the mother's physician.

Answer: you said bad move and the story ended there--but I will bet you that he took the attorney's advice and ignored the service. In child support cases, a court can hold the father in "default" and declare him to be the father and liable for all child support. I would get a second opinion from a lawyer who specializes in family support.

Answer: You cannot force her to have this test at this time--I would also be surprised if you are able to get a court order since the brother is going to be the legal father. I would suggest that you wait until the child is born and ask the mother to participate in a simple home test to put the problem to bed.

Answer: you can have a paternity test at any age. I hope this helps.